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Abstract
Palm oil is a type of vegetable oil that can be obtained from shell and seed of palm fruits. Unpurified palm oil from shell is called crude palm oil (CPO) and unpurified palm oil from seed is called crude palm kernel oil (CPKO). Surprisingly, there is limited literature on both CPO and CPKO in rubber compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of these two types of crude palm oil on the properties of rubber compounds, exploring their potential as alternative oils to replace petroleum-based oils in rubber formulations. The rubber compound formulations with both CPO and CPKO were developed and then compared their properties, including Mooney viscosity, bound rubber, curing time, and mechanical properties. It was found that rubber compound with CPO represented higher Mooney viscosity and bound rubber. Moreover, the formulation with CPO had longer scorch time and curing time because CPO exhibited higher free fatty acid (FFA) than CPKO. The FFA can neutralize base accelerator in the rubber compound. However, there were not significant differences on mechanical properties between both crude palm oil formulations. This study displays the possibility to use both CPO and CPKO in the rubber compound depending on the rubber applications, especially sidewall truck tire.
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Details
1 Specialized center of Rubber and Polymer Materials in agriculture and industry, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University , Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Hub of Talents in Natural Rubber, National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) , Bangkok 10900, Thailand
2 Specialized center of Rubber and Polymer Materials in agriculture and industry, Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University , Bangkok 10900, Thailand
3 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University , Bangkok 10900, Thailand