Full Text

Turn on search term navigation

© 2013. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

The increase in runoff and stream flows observed in the West African Sahel since the beginning of the Great Drought in 1968 constitutes the “Sahelian hydrological paradox”. Since its highlighting in the 1980s, it has been shown to result from land use changes, a combination of land clearing for cropping, fallow shortening and the vegetation weakening by drought peaks during the 1970s and the 1980s, all factors leading to soil crusting. The latter is the main cause of the rise in runoff coefficients. However, an increase in the number of extreme rainfall events was recently observed. The main aim of this paper is to determine whether such an evolution is also noticeable in the Middle Niger River basin and to analyze whether, in this case, it could contribute to the observed increase in stream flows. We analysed data of the Sahelian part of the Niger Basin; this area overlapping on Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, is a semi-arid zone, with annual rainfall ranging from 250 to 800 mm. It suffered a severe drought after 1968, aggravating the natural vegetation decrease due to the increase in cropping areas. We analyze here daily precipitation data from 1951 to 2010 by decades to determine the evolution of high rainfall amount events. The “Sahelian Paradox” was recently reinforced by the increase in rainfall which results in a higher increase in the frequency of high rainfall amount events.

Details

Title
Évolution des pluies de cumul élevé et recrudescence des crues depuis 1951 dans le bassin du Niger moyen (Sahel)
Author
Descroix, Luc; Niang, Aïda Diongue; Dacosta, Honoré; Panthou, Gérémy; Quantin, Guillaume; Diedhiou, Arona
Pages
37-49
Publication year
2013
Publication date
2013
Publisher
EDP Sciences
e-ISSN
24135380
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English; French
ProQuest document ID
3179864310
Copyright
© 2013. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.