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© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The accurate prediction of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to oncological treatments still poses a clinical challenge. Chemotherapy is usually selected based on clinical trials that do not consider patient variability in ADR risk. Consequently, many patients undergo multiple treatments to find the appropriate medication or dosage, enhancing ADR risks and increasing the chance of discontinuing therapy. We first aimed to develop a pharmacogenetic model for predicting chemotherapy-induced ADRs in cancer patients (the ANTIBLASTIC DRUG MULTIPANEL PLATFORM) and then to assess its feasibility and validate this model in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing oncological treatments. Methods: Seventy NSCLC patients of all stages that needed oncological treatment at our facility were enrolled, reflecting the typical population served by our institution, based on geographic and demographic characteristics. Treatments followed existing guidelines, and patients were continuously monitored for adverse reactions. We developed and used a multipanel platform based on 326 SNPs that we identified as strongly associated with response to cancer treatments. Subsequently, a network-based algorithm to link these SNPs to molecular and biological functions, as well as efficacy and adverse reactions to oncological treatments, was used. Results: Data and blood samples were collected from 70 NSCLC patients. A bioinformatic analysis of all identified SNPs highlighted five clusters of patients based on variant aggregations and the associated genes, suggesting potential susceptibility to treatment-related toxicity. We assessed the feasibility of the platform and technically validated it by comparing NSCLC patients undergoing the same course of treatment with or without ADRs against the cluster combination. An odds ratio analysis confirmed the correlation between cluster allocation and increased ADR risk, indicating specific treatment susceptibilities. Conclusions: The ANTIBLASTIC DRUG MULTIPANEL PLATFORM was easily applicable and able to predict ADRs in NSCLC patients undergoing oncological treatments. The application of this novel predictive model could significantly reduce adverse drug reactions and improve the rate of chemotherapy completion, enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. Its potential for broader prescription management suggests significant treatment improvements in cancer patients.

Details

Title
Oncological Treatment Adverse Reaction Prediction: Development and Initial Validation of a Pharmacogenetic Model in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Author
Cafiero, Concetta 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Palmirotta, Raffaele 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Martinelli, Canio 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Micera, Alessandra 4 ; Giacò, Luciano 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Persiani, Federica 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Morrione, Andrea 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Pastore, Cosimo 7 ; Nisi, Claudia 7 ; Modoni, Gabriella 7 ; Galeano, Teresa 7 ; Guarino, Tiziana 7 ; Foggetti, Ilaria 7 ; Nisticò, Cecilia 8 ; Giordano, Antonio 9   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Pisconti, Salvatore 7 

 Medical Oncology, SG Moscati Hospital, 74010 Statte, Italy; [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (C.P.); [email protected] (C.N.); [email protected] (G.M.); [email protected] (T.G.); [email protected] (T.G.); [email protected] (I.F.); [email protected] (S.P.); Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fabrizio Spaziani Hospital, 03100 Frosinone, Italy 
 Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy 
 Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (A.G.); Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy 
 Research and Development Laboratory for Biochemical, Molecular and Cellular Applications in Ophthalmological Sciences, IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, 00184 Rome, Italy; [email protected] 
 Bioinformatics Core Facility, Gemelli Science and Technology Park (G-STeP), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; [email protected] (L.G.); [email protected] (F.P.) 
 Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (A.G.) 
 Medical Oncology, SG Moscati Hospital, 74010 Statte, Italy; [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (C.P.); [email protected] (C.N.); [email protected] (G.M.); [email protected] (T.G.); [email protected] (T.G.); [email protected] (I.F.); [email protected] (S.P.) 
 Medical Oncology Unit, ASL Frosinone, 03100 Frosinone, Italy; [email protected] 
 Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA; [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (A.G.); Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy 
First page
265
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20734425
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3181476523
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.