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© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Nitrogen, an indispensable macronutrient, significantly affects the appearance, quality, and yield of grapes (Vitis vinifera). Adequate nitrate uptake and intracellular transport, facilitated primarily by nitrate transport (NRT) proteins, are crucial for maintaining nutritional balance. However, there are no reports on the NRT gene family in grapes. In this study, we identified 53 Nitrate Transporter 1/Peptide Transporter Family (NPF), 3 nitrate transporter 2 family (NRT2), and 1 Nitrate Assimilation-Related 2 (NAR2) genes in the grapevine Pinot Noir PN40024 genome. A comprehensive analysis of these gene families, including their physicochemical properties, structural organization, chromosomal distribution, collinearity, cis-acting element distribution, and phylogenetic relationships, revealed the rich diversity and evolutionary conservation of the grapevine Nitrate Transporter (NRT) genes. Furthermore, the expression profiles of VvNRTs in different tissues demonstrated that the NRT genes possess spatio-temporal expression specificity. The expression patterns of the NRT genes were examined by transcriptome sequencing in grapevines across various tissues under nitrogen-deficiency conditions. The expression patterns in grapevine leaves under nitrogen-deficiency conditions showed upregulation of the VvNPF2.3 gene in conditions of nitrogen deficiency. This upregulation was strongly associated with a 62.2% reduction in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels and a 21.3% increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, suggesting a complex regulatory response to nitrogen-induced stress. These findings emphasize the potential involvement of NRT genes in the adaptive reaction to nitrogen deficiency and set the stage for future investigations into the molecular mechanisms of nitrogen transportation in grapevines.

Details

Title
Identification of Grape NRT Gene Family and Analysis of Its Expression in Leaves Under Nitrogen-Deficiency Stress
Author
Yang, Zhongyi 1 ; Mei, Junjie 1 ; Zheng, Wei 1 ; Falak Sher Khan 2 ; Mohammad Nasim Bhuiyan 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Wang, Kangjie 3 ; Rhaman, Mohammad Saidur 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Abe-Kanoh, Naomi 5 ; Ji, Wei 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; [email protected] (Z.Y.); [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (W.Z.) 
 State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; [email protected] (F.S.K.); [email protected] (M.N.B.) 
 Shanxi Yuncheng Agricultural Vocational and Technical College, Yunchen 044000, China; [email protected] 
 Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; [email protected] 
 Department of Food, Life and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan 
 College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; [email protected] (Z.Y.); [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (W.Z.); Shanxi Yuncheng Agricultural Vocational and Technical College, Yunchen 044000, China; [email protected] 
First page
252
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
23117524
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3181480001
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.