A Systematic Review of the Role of Nursing, Pharmacy, and Physicians in Improving Medication Management and Reducing Medication Errors

Abstract

Background: Medication management is a critical element of healthcare delivery, directly affecting patient safety and treatment outcomes. Despite technological and procedural advancements, medication errors remain a significant challenge, emphasizing the need for effective strategies to mitigate risks. Nurses, pharmacists, and physicians play pivotal roles in ensuring safe and efficient medication use.

Objective: This systematic review aims to explore the roles of nurses, pharmacists, and physicians in improving medication management and reducing medication errors. It evaluates their individual contributions, the impact of interprofessional collaboration, and the effectiveness of various strategies and interventions.

Methods: A comprehensive review of literature from diverse healthcare settings was conducted, focusing on studies that examine the roles of nurses, pharmacists, and physicians in medication management. The review also assessed interprofessional collaboration and the implementation of technological and procedural strategies to enhance patient safety.

Results: The findings highlight the unique and complementary roles of nurses, pharmacists, and physicians in medication safety. Nurses ensure proper administration and patient monitoring, pharmacists detect potential errors and optimize medication use, and physicians play a critical role in accurate prescribing. Interprofessional collaboration emerged as a key factor in minimizing medication errors, supported by structured communication tools and shared accountability. Technological interventions, such as electronic health records and automated dispensing systems, further contribute to error reduction.

Conclusion: Effective medication management relies on the coordinated efforts of nurses, pharmacists, and physicians, alongside technological advancements and robust organizational policies. Strengthening interprofessional collaboration and implementing evidence-based strategies are essential for reducing medication errors and improving patient outcomes. This review provides insights into best practices for enhancing medication safety and advancing the global agenda of patient-centered care.