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© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The diagnosis of fetal nutritional status is of great importance for the accurate evaluation and monitoring of these pregnancies. The objective of the present study is to develop a model that allows for the prenatal assessment of fetal body mass index and to evaluate its diagnostic efficacy in predicting neonatal nutritional status. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to develop and evaluate a new model in the diagnosis of alterations in fetal nutritional status based on the customized fetal body mass index. By establishing the relationship between weight and length, we can calculate the fetal body mass index, which could correlate more effectively with nutritional status. Results: A total of 12,633 subjects were recruited, and 9499 were included in our study. Capacities to predict both neonatal malnourishment and overnutrition were calculated for each of the three methods analyzed (BMI, GROW, and IG21st). The receiver operating characteristic curve for each method was developed. The sensitivity and specificity for the assessment of malnutrition were 0.83 and 0.90, respectively. The area under the ROC curve of our method was 0.95 for malnutrition, while for IG21st and GROW, it was 0.80 and 0.79, respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a superior diagnostic capacity for alterations in fetal and neonatal nutritional status of this new fetal BMI curve compared to the previously used fetal weight percentile curves.

Details

Title
Customized Fetal Body Mass Index as a Better Predictive Marker for Neonatal Nutritional Status
Author
Juan Jesús Fernández Alba 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; María Castillo Lara 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jiménez Heras, José Manuel 3 ; Jose Diego Santotoribio 3 ; Rocío Fuentes Morales 2 ; Rosa Rubio, Francisco José 2 ; Carmen González Macías 1 

 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Puerto Real, 11-510 Cadiz, Spain; [email protected] (R.F.M.); [email protected] (F.J.R.R.); [email protected] (C.G.M.); Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), 11-009 Cadiz, Spain; [email protected] (J.M.J.H.); [email protected] (J.D.S.) 
 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Puerto Real, 11-510 Cadiz, Spain; [email protected] (R.F.M.); [email protected] (F.J.R.R.); [email protected] (C.G.M.) 
 Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of the Province of Cadiz (INiBICA), 11-009 Cadiz, Spain; [email protected] (J.M.J.H.); [email protected] (J.D.S.) 
First page
877
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20754418
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3188779421
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.