Abstract

Aims

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) generate diverse bioactive lipid mediators, which tightly regulate vascular inflammation. The effects of omega-3 PUFA supplementation in cardiovascular prevention however remain controversial. In addition to direct dietary intake, fatty acid desaturases (FADS) determine PUFA levels. Increased arterial stiffness represents an independent predictor of mortality and cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to determine the association of PUFA intake, FADS1 genotype, and FADS expression with arterial stiffness.

Methods and results

A cross-sectional population-based cohort study of 1464 participants without overt cardiovascular disease was conducted. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and the FADS1 locus variant was determined. Blood cell transcriptomics was performed in a subset of 410 individuals. Pulse wave velocity was significantly associated with the FADS1 locus variant. Differential associations between PWV and omega-3 PUFA intake were observed depending on the FADS1 genotype. High omega-3 PUFA intake attenuated the FADS1 genotype-dependent associations. Carriers of the minor FADS1 locus variant exhibited increased expression of FADS2, which is associated with PWV.

Conclusion

Taken together, these findings point to FADS1 genotype-dependent associations of omega-3 PUFA intake on subclinical cardiovascular disease. These findings may have implications for identifying responders and non-responders to omega-3 PUFA supplementation and open up for personalized dietary counselling in cardiovascular prevention.

Details

Title
Fatty acid desaturase genetic variations and dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake associate with arterial stiffness
Author
Bäck, Magnus 1 ; Xhaard, Constance 2 ; Rouget, Raphael 3 ; Thuillier, Quentin 3 ; Plunde, Oscar 4 ; Larsson, Susanna C 5 ; Girerd, Nicolas 2 ; João Pedro Ferreira 2 ; Boivin, Jean-Marc 2 ; Bozec, Erwan 2 ; Mercklé, Ludovic 2 ; Faiez Zannad 2 ; Hoge, Axelle 6 ; Guillaume, Michèle 6 ; Dandine-Roulland, Claire 6 ; Edith Le Floch 7 ; Bacq-Daian, Delphine 7 ; Deleuze, Jean-François 7 ; Van den Berghe, Laurie 8 ; Julie-Anne Nazare 8 ; Laville, Martine 8 ; Branlant, Christiane 3 ; Behm-Ansmant, Isabelle 3 ; Wagner, Sandra 2 ; Rossignol, Patrick 2 

 University of Lorraine, INSERM U1116, CIC 1433, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy University Hospital, Nancy, France; Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden 
 University of Lorraine, INSERM U1116, CIC 1433, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy University Hospital, Nancy, France 
 Université de Lorraine, CNRS, UMR 7365, IMoPA, F54000 Nancy, France 
 Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden 
 Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden 
 Département des Sciences de la Santé publique, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium 
 Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de Biologie François Jacob, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Evry, France 
 Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Univ-Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-CRIN/FORCE Network, Pierre Bénite, Lyon, France 
Publication year
2022
Publication date
Mar 2022
Publisher
Oxford University Press
e-ISSN
27524191
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3191371893
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Cardiology. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.