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© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Human adenovirus 36 (HAdV-36) is associated with obesity, potentially by promoting adipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Although linked to increased fat storage, HAdV-36 is also correlated with improved insulin sensitivity. Given its potential role in modulating adipose tissue and promoting a less inflammatory metabolic profile, its impacts on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion remain unclear. Methods: This nested case-control study compared cytokine levels (IL-10, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) between patients with and without HAdV-36 infection. A total of 76 participants were included, with 37 in the control group (HAdV-36 negative) and 39 classified as cases (HAdV-36 positive). Results: HAdV-36 seropositive individuals exhibited significantly lower IL-6 levels and higher IL-8 levels than seronegative participants. Additionally, they had lower glucose levels, suggesting a potential link between HAdV-36 and metabolic regulation. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that HAdV-36 may influence inflammatory and metabolic responses by modulating cytokine expression and glucose levels. Further research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms and their implications for metabolic health.

Details

Title
Modulation of the Inflammatory Response by Adenovirus 36 in Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Nested Case-Control Study Within a Cohort
Author
Gutiérrez-Hurtado, Itzae Adonai 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Martínez-López, Erika 2 ; Rico-Méndez, Manuel Alejandro 3 ; Bravo-Villagra, Karla Mayela 3 ; Mendoza-Jaramillo, Héctor Eduardo 4 ; Sánchez-Rolón María del Pilar 4 ; Betancourt-Núñez, Alejandra 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Gallegos-Arreola, Martha Patricia 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Tapia-Rivera, José Carlos 4 ; López-Quintero, Andres 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; [email protected] (I.A.G.-H.); [email protected] (E.M.-L.) 
 Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; [email protected] (I.A.G.-H.); [email protected] (E.M.-L.), Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico 
 Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; [email protected] (M.A.R.-M.); [email protected] (K.M.B.-V.) 
 Departamento de Ciencias Básicas para la Salud, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán 49000, Mexico; [email protected] (H.E.M.-J.); [email protected] (M.d.P.S.-R.) 
 Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológico e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; [email protected] 
 División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente (CMNO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; [email protected] 
 Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico, Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; [email protected] (M.A.R.-M.); [email protected] (K.M.B.-V.) 
First page
552
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
19994915
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3194648837
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.