Integrating COVID-19 vaccination into routine healthcare: a feasible model for epidemic response at mildmay hospital Uganda

Abstract

Introduction

As the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic overwhelmed healthcare systems globally, integrating vaccination into primary health services became essential to expedite immunization efforts, especially in resource-constrained settings. This report explains the multifaceted process of integrating COVID-19 vaccination services at Mildmay Hospital Uganda (MUgH), focusing on the strategies, challenges and outcomes associated with this project.

Methods

MUgH, a general hospital in Uganda, implemented COVID-19 vaccination services between March 2021 and December 2022. Using the 7 S framework; Structure, Systems, Shared Values, Skills, Style, Staff, and Strategy, the hospital aligned resources effectively. Structure was strengthened by creating dedicated vaccination areas, optimized Staff through targeted training, and aligned Skills for task-specific roles. Strong Systems ensured streamlined vaccine administration, while strategic Style (management) fostered adaptability. Collaborations with the Wakiso District unit supported Shared Values for public health, and social media was used effectively to counter misinformation and engage the community.

Results

MUgH successfully administered 13,370 of 15,000 available COVID-19 vaccine doses, including 8,906 first doses, 3,568 s doses, and 84 boosters. MUgH’s collaborative approach, reinforced by targeted media engagement and strategic partnerships with local vaccine distributors, secured a steady vaccine supply and built public trust. This demonstrated the value of a resource-efficient and adaptable model in addressing community healthcare needs. Key challenges included labour-intensive shifts, task-shifting among staff, misinformation and hesitancy, occasional vaccine stock-outs, and managing demand from ineligible individuals.

Conclusion

Integrating COVID-19 vaccination into MUgH services using the 7 S framework proved effective in enhancing healthcare resilience and public health. This adaptable model offers valuable insights for strengthening health systems and preparing resource-limited settings for future epidemic responses.