The impact of implementing a nursing care program based on Johnson’s model on the behavioral systems of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft: a Randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Background

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a very important intervention to relieve angina, improve quality of life, or increase life expectancy. This study aimed to determine the effect of implementing a nursing care program based on Johnson’s model on the behavioral systems of patients undergoing CABG in Ahvaz teaching hospitals in 2022.

Methods

This is a clinical trial that was conducted from December 2022 to December 2023 on 128 patients undergoing CABG admitted to the cardiac ICU and cardiac surgery department of teaching hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran. The patients were selected based on the inclusion criteria, and they were assigned into intervention and control groups using permutation blocks. In the intervention group, a nursing care program based on Johnson’s model was implemented for three weeks. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire developed based on Johnson’s theory. A significance level of α = 0.05 was adopted for this study.

Results

Before the intervention, the mean scores of the intervention group in terms of the six subsystems of Johnson’s model were as follows: achievement (-98.98 ± 75.77), eliminative (-25.46 ± 33.27), ingestive (-135.67 ± 89.20), dependency (-122.26 ± 45.85), aggressive-protective (-62.18 ± 46.58), and restorative (-163.59 ± 62.03). After the intervention, the mean scores in the intervention group were as follows: achievement (-2.50 ± 71.55), eliminative (19.29 ± 35.61), ingestive (152.75 ± 113.58, dependency (104.60 ± 53.42), aggressive-protective (52.18 ± 53.54), and restorative (198.43 ± 72.28), which shows the positive impact of the intervention (P > 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the affiliative and sexual subsystems.

Conclusion

The implementation of a nursing care plan based on Johnson’s model positively affected the behavioral systems of patients undergoing CABG. Therefore, this model is recommended to be used as a framework for nursing care.

Trial registration number

IRCT20220831055838N1.