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© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Under the goal of “dual carbon”, the power market and carbon market are developing synergistically, which is strongly promoting the transformation of the power system in a clean and low-carbon direction. In order to realise the synergistic optimisation of multi-virtual power plants, economic and low-carbon operation, and the reasonable distribution of revenues, this paper proposes a multi-VPP power–carbon sharing operation optimisation strategy considering multiple uncertainties. Firstly, a cost model for each VPP power–carbon sharing considering the uncertainties of market electricity price and new energy output is established. Secondly, a multi-VPP power–carbon sharing operation optimisation model is established based on the Nash negotiation theory, which is then decomposed into a multi-VPP coalition cost minimisation subproblem and a revenue allocation subproblem based on asymmetric bargaining. Thirdly, the variable penalty parameter alternating directional multiplier method is used for the solution. Finally, an asymmetric bargaining method is proposed to quantify the contribution size of each participant with a nonlinear energy mapping function, and the VPPs negotiate with each other regarding the bargaining power of their electricity–carbon contribution size in the co-operation, so as to ensure a fair distribution of co-operation benefits and thus to motivate and maintain a long-term and stable co-operative relationship among the subjects. Example analyses show that the method proposed in this paper can significantly increase the revenue level of each VPP and reduce carbon emissions and, at the same time, improve the ability of VPPs to cope with uncertain risks and achieve a fair and reasonable distribution of the benefits of VPPs.

Details

Title
Optimisation Strategy for Electricity–Carbon Sharing Operation of Multi-Virtual Power Plants Considering Multivariate Uncertainties
Author
Zhan, Jun 1 ; Huang, Mei 1 ; Sun, Xiaojia 1 ; Zhang, Yubo 1 ; Chen, Zuowei 1 ; Chen, Yilin 1 ; Yang, Li 1 ; Zhao, Chenyang 2 ; Qian, Ai 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Shenzhen Power Supply Company, Shenzhen 518000, China; [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (M.H.); [email protected] (X.S.); [email protected] (Y.Z.); [email protected] (Z.C.); [email protected] (Y.C.); [email protected] (Y.L.) 
 Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; [email protected] 
First page
2376
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
19961073
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3203195925
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.