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Copyright © 2025, Abreu Lomba et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Background

Acromegaly is a rare, chronic, and progressive disorder characterized by excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH) after the closure of the epiphyseal plates. The disease has an estimated annual incidence of 5 cases per 1,100,000 individuals. Sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) affects up to 80% of individuals with acromegaly and is recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of SAHS and its associated factors in patients with acromegaly in Colombia.

Methods

This observational, retrospective cohort study utilized the National Registry of Patients with Acromegaly (RAPACO) data. The study evaluated patients who had undergone baseline polysomnography as a criterion for inclusion.

Results

A total of 163 patients were included in the study, of whom 89 (54.6%) were diagnosed with OSAHS. Women accounted for 99 (60.7%) of the cohort, aged 34.4 to 63.54 years. Patients with OSAHS exhibited a higher BMI and a longer disease duration. Additionally, they demonstrated elevated levels of IGF-1 (936.2 ± 447.2) and baseline GH (20.0 ± 20.4), both of which were statistically significant (p = 0.006 and p = 0.027, respectively). Severe apnea was the most prevalent form of the condition, and microadenoma was the predominant tumor type. Multivariate analysis identified disease duration and IGF-1 levels as the primary variables associated with OSAHS.

Conclusion

OSAHS is a prevalent comorbidity in patients with acromegaly, with hormonal factors playing a critical role in its pathogenesis. Consistent with previous studies, our findings demonstrate that elevated IGF-1 and GH levels are associated with greater OSAHS severity. Routine polysomnography (PSG) is recommended following the diagnosis of acromegaly. If OSAHS is confirmed, appropriate treatment should be initiated, and follow-up PSG should be performed during acromegaly management.

Details

Title
Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) in Patients With Acromegaly in Colombia
Author
Abreu, Lomba Alin 1 ; Montoya Ospina Juan Manuel 2 ; Vernaza Trujillo David Alexander 3 ; Sierra Castillo Santiago 4 ; Aristizabal Colorado David 5 ; López Osorio Gildardo Mauricio 6 ; Guerrero Gonzalez Luis Fernando 7 ; Pantoja Guerrero Doly 8 ; Arenas Quintero Henry M 9 ; Castellanos Pinedo Alejandro Alberto 10 ; Valenzuela, Rincón Alex 11 ; Pinzón Tovar Alejandro 12 

 Endocrinology, Imbanaco Clinic, Cali, COL 
 Interinstitutional Group of Internal Medicine 1 (GIMI1), Universidad Libre, Cali, COL 
 Epidemiology, Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina, Bogotá, COL, Interinstitutional Group of Internal Medicine 1 (GIMI1), Universidad Libre, Cali, COL 
 Epidemiology, CES University, Medellín, Medellín, COL 
 Interinstitutional Group on Internal Medicine 1 (GIMI1), Universidad Libre, Cali, COL 
 Pulmonology, Universidad Libre, Cali, COL 
 Pulmonology Department, Universidad del Valle, Cali, COL 
 Endocrinology, Departmental University Hospital of Nariño Pasto, Pasto, COL 
 Endocrinology, Clínica comfamiliar Pereira, Pereira, COL 
10  Endocrinology, Hospital Escuela Jose de San Martín, Buenos Aires, ARG 
11  Endocrinology, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C, COL 
12  Endocrinology, Universidad Surcolombiana, Neiva, COL 
University/institution
U.S. National Institutes of Health/National Library of Medicine
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V.
e-ISSN
21688184
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3203887146
Copyright
Copyright © 2025, Abreu Lomba et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.