Clinical and functional characteristics of lung surgery-related vocal fold palsy

Abstract

Background

Unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) caused by lung surgery is associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased postoperative comorbidities. We evaluated lung surgery-related UVFP and compared its characteristics with UVFP caused by esophageal and thyroid surgeries, as the most common surgical causes of UVFP. We also evaluated the outcomes of intracordal hyaluronate injection laryngoplasty in these patients.

Methods

Patients with surgery-related UVFP were evaluated by quantitative laryngeal electromyography, videolaryngostroboscopy, voice acoustic analysis, Voice Outcome Survey (VOS) questionnaire, and Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) quality-of-life questionnaire. Data for the lung, esophageal, and thyroid surgery groups were compared and changes in outcome measurements induced by hyaluronate injection were compared among the three groups.

Results

A total of 141 patients were recruited, including 21, 46, and 74 in the lung, esophageal, and thyroid surgery groups, respectively. Compared with the other two groups, lung surgery patients had predominantly left-sided UVFP, less involvement of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, and higher jitter. Most outcome measurements improved in all three groups after office-based hyaluronate injection, with the greatest improvement in jitter in the lung surgery group.

Conclusions

Lung surgery-related UVFP showed a distinct disease presentation, and patients' voice parameters and quality of life recovered dramatically after office-based hyaluronate injection. We recommend evaluation of lung surgery-related UVFP and early intervention, such as office-based hyaluronate injection, to improve patients' voice function and quality of life.