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Abstract
Mitochondria are the organelles that generate energy for the cells and act as biosynthetic and bioenergetic factories, vital for normal cell functioning and human health. Mitochondrial bioenergetics is considered an important measure to assess the pathogenesis of various diseases. Dysfunctional mitochondria affect or cause several conditions involving the most energy-intensive organs, including the brain, muscles, heart, and liver. This dysfunction may be attributed to an alteration in mitochondrial enzymes, increased oxidative stress, impairment of electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, or mutations in mitochondrial DNA that leads to the pathophysiology of various pathological conditions, including neurological and metabolic disorders. The drugs or compounds targeting mitochondria are considered more effective and safer for treating these diseases. In this review, we make an effort to concise the available literature on mitochondrial bioenergetics in various conditions and the therapeutic potential of various drugs/compounds targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics in metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases.
Details
; Pahwa, Paras 2 ; Khullar, Naina 3 ; Singh, Satwinder 4
; Navik, Umashanker 5 ; Kumar, Shashank 6
; Sarabjit Singh Mastana 7 ; Reddy, Arubala P 8 ; Reddy, P Hemachandra 9 ; Jasvinder Singh Bhatti 10
1 Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali Punjab, India
2 Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
3 Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
4 Department of Computer Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
5 Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
6 Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
7 School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
8 Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
9 Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
10 Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India