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Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming healthcare by advancing clinical decision support, patient care, and administrative efficiency. However, effectively and sustainably integrating LLMs into healthcare systems requires addressing participatory gaps that may hinder alignment with stakeholders’ practical and ethical needs. This paper explores how participatory methods can be applied throughout the development lifecycle of LLM-enhanced health systems (LLMHS), arguing that: (1) participatory approaches are critical for engaging stakeholders in LLMHS development, and (2) LLM techniques can create novel participatory opportunities that reinforce stakeholder engagement while driving technical innovation in LLMHS. This dual perspective highlights the potential of LLMHS to align technical sophistication with real-world healthcare demands, paving the way for next-generation health systems.

Details

Title
Stakeholder-centric participation in large language models enhanced health systems
Author
Wang, Zhiyuan 1 ; Yan, Runze 2 ; Francis, Sherilyn 3 ; Diaz, Carmen 4 ; Flickinger, Tabor 5 ; Lin, Yufen 2 ; Hu, Xiao 2 ; Barnes, Laura E. 1 ; LeBaron, Virginia 4 

 University of Virginia, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Charlottesville, USA (GRID:grid.27755.32) (ISNI:0000 0000 9136 933X) 
 Emory University, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Atlanta, USA (GRID:grid.189967.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 7398) 
 Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Interactive Computing, Atlanta, USA (GRID:grid.213917.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 2097 4943) 
 University of Virginia, School of Nursing, Charlottesville, USA (GRID:grid.27755.32) (ISNI:0000 0000 9136 933X) 
 University of Virginia, School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA (GRID:grid.27755.32) (ISNI:0000 0000 9136 933X) 
Pages
22
Publication year
2025
Publication date
Dec 2025
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
30051959
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3225848760
Copyright
Copyright Nature Publishing Group Dec 2025