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© The Author(s) 2025. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Conservation agriculture experiment was undertaken to investigate synergistic effects of tillage and weed management on soil microbiome, and fungal diversity at vegetative (30 DAS) and tasselling (60 DAS) of maize and monitor yield. Main-treatments included T1: Conventional tillage (CT) with Cotton- CT with maize- fallow, T2: CT with Cotton- Zero tillage (ZT) with Maize- ZT with Sesbania rostrata (Sr) and T3: ZT with Cotton + Sr residues- ZT with Maize + Cotton residues- ZT with Sr + Maize stubbles. Weed management (Sub-plots) were W1: Chemical weed control, W2: Herbicide rotation, W3: Integrated weed management (IWM) and W4: Single hand-weeded. Rhizo-sphere and plane samples were collected at 30 and 60 DAS for enzymatic, microbial analysis. The results demonstrated 25.90-44.72% and 20.31–50.72% decline on microbial and enzyme activities in T1 + W1, and in T2 + W2, respectively compared to T3 and W4 combinations at 30 DAS, due to herbicidal impact, which increased by 24.67–68.41% and 20.71–62.90% at tasseling. Metabolic quotient (qCO2) decreased with T3 and W4 combinations. Kernel and system yield were 39.42% and 51.60% higher under T3 + W1 and T3 + IWM combinations, respectively. Talaromyces flavus was identified under T3 + IWM. The qCO2 was exhibited with significant negative correlation with all biological attributes, while yield did not correlate. This suggest qCO2 as potential indicator to assess agro-ecosystem. The PCA selected variables (enzymes, organic carbon, and microbial parameters) are highly supported by zero-till + residues, and can indicate improved soil health and sustained productivity.

Details

Title
Cumulative impact of herbicides and tillage in conservation agriculture on soil microbiome, fungal diversity and crop productivity
Author
Nthebere, Knight 1 ; Tata, Ram Prakash 1 ; Bhimireddy, Padmaja 1 ; Chandran, Latha P. 2 ; Gudapati, Jayasree 1 ; Yadav, Manikyala Bhargava Narasimha 3 ; Sinha, Nishant Kumar 4 ; Admala, Meena 1 

 Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad, India (GRID:grid.444440.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 4685 9566) 
 ICAR-IIRR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India (GRID:grid.464820.c) 
 University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India (GRID:grid.465109.f) (ISNI:0000 0004 1761 5159) 
 ICAR-IISS; Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India (GRID:grid.464869.1) (ISNI:0000 0000 9288 3664) 
Pages
24992
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3228992111
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2025. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.