Dynamic Compressive Behavior and Stress Wave Attenuation Characteristics of Ti-6Al-4V Lattice Structure

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamic compressive behavior of three periodic lattice structures fabricated from Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, each with distinct topologies: simple cubic (SC), body-centered cubic (BCC), and face-centered cubic (FCC). Dynamic compression experiments were conducted using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) system, complemented by high-speed imaging to capture real-time deformation and failure mechanisms under impact loading. The influence of cell topology, relative density, and strain rate on dynamic mechanical properties, failure behavior, and stress wave propagation was systematically examined. Finite element modeling was performed, and the simulated results showed good agreement with experimental data. The findings reveal that the dynamic mechanical properties of the lattice structures are generally insensitive to strain rate variations, while failure behavior is predominantly governed by structural configuration. The SC structure exhibited strut buckling and instability-induced fracture, whereas the BCC and FCC structures displayed layer-by-layer crushing with lower strain rate sensitivity. Regarding stress wave propagation, all structures demonstrated significant attenuation capabilities, with the BCC structure achieving the greatest reduction in transmitted wave amplitude and energy. Across all configurations, wave reflection was identified as the primary energy dissipation mechanism. These results provide critical insights into the design of lattice structures for impact mitigation and energy absorption applications.