Abstract

Al metal-organic batteries are a perspective high-energy battery technology based on abundant materials. However, the practical energy density of Al metal-organic batteries is strongly dependent on its electrochemical mechanism. Energy density is mostly governed by the nature of the aluminium complex ion and utilization of redox activity of the organic group. Although organic cathodes have been used before, detailed study of the electrochemical mechanism is typically not the primary focus. In the present work, electrochemical mechanism of Al metal-phenanthrenequinone battery is investigated with a range of different analytical techniques. Firstly, its capacity retention is optimized through the preparation of insoluble cross-coupled polymer, which exemplifies extremely low capacity fade and long-term cycling stability. Ex situ and operando ATR-IR confirm that reduction of phenanthrenequinone group proceeds through the two-electron reduction of carbonyl groups, which was previously believed to exchange only one-electron, severely limiting cathode capacity. Nature of aluminium complex ion interacting with organic cathode is determined through multiprong approach using SEM-EDS, XPS, and solid-state NMR, which all point to the dominant contribution of AlCl 2+ cation. Upon full capacity utilization, Al metal-polyphenanthrenequinone battery utilizing AlCl 2+ offers an energy density of more than 200 Wh/kg making it a viable solution for stationary electrical energy storage.

Details

Title
Electrochemical Mechanism of Al Metal–Organic Battery Based on Phenanthrenequinone
Author
Bitenc, Jan  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Urban Košir  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Vižintin, Alen  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Lindahl, Niklas  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Krajnc, Andraž  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Pirnat, Klemen  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jerman, Ivan  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Dominko, Robert  VIAFID ORCID Logo 
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
ISSN
20971133
e-ISSN
26927640
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3254941060
Copyright
© 2021. This work is published under (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.