Current-Readout Technique for Ultra-High-Rate Experiments

Abstract

This study develops a new current-readout technique capable of handling measurements with high count rates reaching 1 Gcps. By directly capturing the output current of a photomultiplier as a digitized waveform, we estimate event rates, overcoming the limitations imposed by pulse pileup constraints and deadtimes. This innovative method is applied to a muon spin rotation/relaxation/resonance experiment at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex, demonstrating its expected performance. Furthermore, we explore methods for estimating statistical uncertainty and investigate potential applications in analog-logic OR/AND gates. Our findings reveal that the developed technique opens avenues for developing future nonbinary logic circuits operating based on \(n\)-adic numbers.