Biotypes of Candida albicans isolates from the oral mucosa of HIV seropositive and control subjects

Abstract

Purpose: This study evaluated the Candida albicans biotypes from oral mucosa according to some host variables, such as HIV infection; medication use - protease inhibitors (PI), non protease inhibitors (NPI) or no medication (NM); dental prosthesis wearing (PW) or not (NPW); and yeast variables (activity levels of protease and phospholipase).

Methods: Samples from the oral mucosa of 193 HIV+ subjects and 205 HIV - subjects were collected by means of sterile swabs and seeded onto Sabouraud dextrose agar. The isolates were identified by microculture on slide, germ tube formation, auxanogram, and zimogram. Ninety-two isolates were obtained from HIV+ individuals: 49 from patients under PI, 31 from patients under NPI and 12 from patients with no medication. The control group comprised 63 isolates from HIV - patients.

Results: From the 95 possible C. albicans biotypes, 46 were identified in the sample, and the most prevalent were: 10122 (46.4%); 11122 (38.01%); 01031 (42.4%); 00022 (40%); (P < 0.01 - Spearman correlation test). No difference was detected among PI, NPI, and NM groups. The control group exhibited intermediate enzymatic activity level from dentate isolates, and high protease activity level amongst isolates from prosthesis wearers.

Conclusion: It was not possible to detect any inhibitory action of PI drugs on the enzymatic activity of C. albicans.