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Mycorrhiza (2013) 23:185197 DOI 10.1007/s00572-012-0461-z
ORIGINAL PAPER
Activity of native hydrolytic enzymes and their association with the cell wall of three ectomycorrhizal fungi
Alfredo Prez-de-Mora & Bianca Reuter &
Marianna Lucio & Alfred Ahne & Michael Schloter &
Karin Pritsch
Received: 6 June 2012 /Accepted: 16 September 2012 /Published online: 3 October 2012 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
Abstract The ecological and biogeochemical relevance of hydrolytic enzymes associated with the fungal cell wall has been poorly studied in ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. We used a modified sequential extraction procedure to investigate the activity of various hydrolytic enzymes (-glucosidase, acid-phosphatase, leucine-aminopeptidase, chitinase, xylanase and glucuronidase) and their association with the cell wall of three ECM fungi (Rhizopogon roseolus, Paxillus involutus and Piloderma croceum). Fungi were grown on C-rich solid medium under three different P concentrations(3.7, 0.37 and 0.037 mM). The sequential extraction procedure classifies enzymes as: (a) cytosolic, (b) loosely bound,(c) hydrophobically bound, (d) ionically bound and (e) covalently bound. Results showed that for the same fungus absolute enzymatic activity was affected by P concentration, whilst enzymatic compartmentalization among the cytosol and the cell wall fractions was not. The association of enzymes with the cell wall was fungus- and enzyme-specific. Our data indicate also that enzymes best known
for being either extracellular or cytosolic or both, do act in muro as well. The ecological implications of cell wall-bound enzymes and the potential applications and limitations of sequential extractions are further discussed.
Keywords Cell wall-bound enzymes . Paxillus involutus . Piloderma croceum . Rhizopogon roseolus . Sequential extraction . Multivariate analysis . General linear model
Introduction
The cell wall has a paramount role in the structure and interaction of fungi with their environment (Bartnicki-Garcia 1968; Gooday 1995). The fungal cell wall acts as a dynamic organelle that performs a variety of important functions including (Bowman and Free 2006; Latg 2007):(a) providing mechanical strength to withstand changes in osmotic pressure and structural changes during cell growth,
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00572-012-0461-z
Web End =10.1007/s00572-012-0461-z ) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
A. Prez-de-Mora (*)
Section of Forest Genetics, Technische Universitt Mnchen, Hans Carl von Carlowitz Platz 2,85354 Freising, Germanye-mail: [email protected]
A. Prez-de-Mora : M. LucioResearch Unit Biogeochemistry and Analytics, Helmholtz Center...