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Abstract Traditional extraction methods of total saponins of Panax notoginseng include cold soaking method, water decoction method, alcohol reflux method, percolation method, macroporous resin adsorption method, and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) method. Modern extraction methods include ultrasonic extraction, microwave assisted extraction, supercritical CO, extraction, microbial fermentation assisted extraction, neural network model optimized extraction method, and multi-stage countercurrent extraction method. This paper discussed principles of these methods and compared their advantages and disadvantages.

Key words NOTOGINSENG RADIX ET RHIZOMA, Total saponins of Panax notoginseng (PNS), Total saponins, Extraction methods

1 Introduction

NOTOGINSENG RADIX ET RHIZOMA (Sanqi) is subterraneous root of Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen ex C. H, also called Pseudo Ginseng, and Panax pseudo-ginseng, and called by ancient famous pharmacist Li Shizhen as invaluable medicine. It is mainly produced in Yunnan and Guangxi, mainly used as medicine, and also can be used as tonic food. NOTOGINSENG RADIX ET RHIZOMA contains many components similar to ginsenoside, such as dammarane type ginsenoside Rbl , Rd, Rgl , and saponin R1 , and more than 20 saponin components such as R1 , Rg2, Rhl. Total saponins are main active components. NOTOGINSENG RADIX ET RHIZOMA has the functions of removing blood stasis and stanching bleeding, dispersing swelling and relieving pain, so it is precious traditional Chinese medicine. In recent years, domestic scholars have made extensive researches about chemical composition and pharmacological functions of NOTOGINSENG RADIX ET RHIZOMA, and proved that total saponins of Panax notoginseng ( PNS ) have functions of stopping blood, invigorating blood, resisting cardiac arrhythmia, resisting shock, resisting inflammation, improving myocardial oxygen consumption, reducing blood pressure, resisting aging, resisting tumor, anti-oxidation, tranquilizing, and easing pain. At present, there are many extraction methods of total saponins of PNS, including traditional and modern methods. Traditional extraction methods include cold soaking method, water decoction method, alcohol reflux method, percolation method, macroporous resin adsorption method, and accelerated solvent extraction method 11 ; modern extraction methods include ultrasonic extraction, microwave assisted extraction, supercritical CO, extraction, microbial fermentation assisted extraction, neural network model optimized extraction method, and multi-stage countercurrent extraction method '1.

2 Traditional extraction processes of total saponins of PNS

2.1 Cold soaking method TGM powders or pieces are put into proper container, then added with suitable solvent (ethanol, diluted...

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