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May I introduce you to Anne Herbert, Countess of Pembroke? I'm very fond of this modern imagined portrait by Graham Turner, partly because of the colour and detail but chiefly because it conveys a respect for the people who lived in the past and especially for Anne herself. My interest in Anne began some years ago when planning a still unwritten novel on the experiences of people who lived through the Wars of the Roses. Seeking characters whose lives spanned the wars I discovered Walter Devereux, Lord Ferrers and his sister Anne (c. 1433-late 1480s) who married William Herbert, one of Edward IV s leading supporters, and lived most of her life at Raglan castle in Monmouthshire.
Finding out about individual fifteenth-century women in any depth is very difficult unless they're queens or those letter-writing Paston women. I started my search for Anne in monographs and articles and began finding scattered references which took me into printed primary sources and two research theses on William Herbert and his estates. I was surprised by how many fragments of information appeared - but does this evidence create a detailed portrait of Anne? Read on to find out!
Family, childhood and marriage
Anne was born Anne Devereux around 1433, the daughter of Sir Walter Devereux and his wife Elizabeth whose main home was at Weobley in Herefordshire. Elizabeth died when Anne was five perhaps giving birth to Anne's sister, Katherine.
The Devereux and Merbury families are typical of the gentry who filled key roles in regional and county government and upon whom every king depended for maintaining good order and raising royal armies. Elizabeth Merbury was the daughter of John Merbury, a Herefordshire landowner and leading royal servant in south Wales under Henry IV and Henry V. The Devereux family demonstrates the gentry's commitment to fighting for their kings.
Anne's great-grandfather was killed fighting against Owain Glyndwr. Her grandfather fought at Agincourt and her father also served in Normandy under the banner of Richard, Duke of York. Anne's brother's military experience was, however, very different. Instead of fighting in France, he fought in three, possibly as many as six, battles of the Wars of the Roses.
Anne's childhood is invisible to us apart from one detail. In 1438...