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Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2008) 148:245256
DOI 10.1007/s12010-007-8119-6
Received: 15 May 2007 /Accepted: 3 December 2007 /
Published online: 3 January 2008# Humana Press Inc. 2007
Abstract Bacterial cellulose is a biopolysaccharide produced from the bacteria, Acetobacter xylinum. Static batch fermentations for bacterial cellulose production were studied in coconut and pineapple juices under 30 C in 5-l fermenters by using three Acetobacter strains: A. xylinum TISTR 998, A. xylinum TISTR 975, and A. xylinum TISTR 893. Experiments were carried out to compare bacterial cellulose yields along with growth kinetic analysis. Results showed that A. xylinum TISTR 998 produced a bacterial cellulose yield of 553.33 g/l, while A. xylinum TISTR 893 produced 453.33 g/l and A. xylinum TISTR 975 produced 243.33 g/l. In pineapple juice, the yields for A. xylinum TISTR 893, 975, and 998 were 576.66, 546.66, and 520 g/l, respectively. The strain TISTR 998 showed the highest productivity when using coconut juice. Morphological properties of cellulose pellicles, in terms of texture and color, were also measured, and the textures were not significantly different among treatments.
Keywords Bacterial cellulose . Acetobacter xylinum . Texture . Coconut juice . Pineapple
Introduction
Cellulose is composed of the homopolymer of -1, 4-linked D-glucose. The degree of polymerization of cellulose varies from 10015,000 glucose units with the crystallization of the long linear chains to form microfibrils of a single crystalline entity [1, 2]. Relatively pure cellulose is produced by the bacteria Acetobacter xylinum. This microorganism has been studied for more than 100 years. Unlike the cellulose from wood pulp, bacterial cellulose is devoid of other contaminating polysaccharides such as lignin and hemicellu-lose, and its isolation and purification are relatively simple, not requiring energy- or chemical-intensive processes [3]. This bacterium has been used as the model system of choice in the exploration of the processes of biogenesis [46]. Although the process of formation of cellulose by A. xylinum had been investigated quite extensively in earlier studies, most investigations have dealt with the elucidation of cellulose biosynthesis [710],
S. Kongruang (*)
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkuts Institute of Technology North Bangkok, Piboonsongkram Road, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, Thailande-mail: [email protected]
Bacterial Cellulose Production by Acetobacter xylinum Strains from Agricultural Waste Products
Sasithorn Kongruang
246 Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2008) 148:245256
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