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In his essay, "Circles," Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote, "The eye is the first circle; the horizon which it forms is the second; and throughout nature this primary figure is repeated without end." The simplicity of the circles constituent parts rivals its simplicity and perfection of form. It is defined by only two conditions: a central point and the perimeter. These conditions may be varied to transform the circle into a ring or a disc. A ring is a circle with a border of undefined width, physically distinct from its center. A disc is a circle where each point on the perimeter is physically connected with the center and with every other point.
The first circle, the eye, is...