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TRAN VT & BECKER G. 2013. Comparing forest wood supply chains of natural forests in Vietnam using selected indicators of sustainability. In the north of Vietnam, steep slopes are common. Harvesting is carried out using chain saws. Sawing of saw logs into small sawn wood is done at the felling site. The sawn wood is extracted by buffaloes to lower landing and transported further by trucks to the industry (FWSC1). In the centre and south of Vietnam, slopes are gentler. Harvesting is partly mechanised using chain saws for felling and tractors equipped with cables or winches for extracting saw logs to lower landing and then transported further with trucks to the industry (FWSC2). A sustainability impact assessment showed that FWSC2 had more positive impacts with 30% lower production cost, caused less occupational accidents but disturbed more areas on the ground compared with FWSC1.
Keywords: Sustainability impact assessment (SIA), harvesting systems
TRAN VT & BECKER G. 2013. Perbandingan rantai bekalan kayu hutan bagi hutan asli di Vietnam menggunakan penunjuk kemampanan terpilih. Terdapat banyak lereng bukit yang curam di utara Vietnam. Pembalakan dijalankan menggunakan gergaji rantai. Pemotongan balak gergaji kepada kayu gergaji pula dijalankan di tapak pembalakan. Kayu gergaji dikeluarkan dari hutan ke matau menggunakan kerbau dan diangkut seterusnya ke industri menggunakan trak (FWSC1). Lereng bukit adalah lebih landai di tengah dan selatan Vietnam. Pembalakan sebahagiannya dijalankan menggunakan mesin seperti gergaji rantai dalam penebangan. Traktor yang lengkap dengan kabel atau win mengeluarkan balak gergaji ke matau yang seterusnya diangkut ke industri dengan trak (FWSC2). Penilaian impak kemampanan menunjukkan yang FWSC2 memberi impak yang lebih positif berbanding dengan FWSC1 iaitu kos pengeluaran dikurangkan sebanyak 30% dan terdapat kurang kemalangan di tempat kerja. Bagaimanapun FWSC2 mengakibatkan lebih gangguan kepada tanah berbanding dengan FWSC1.
INTRODUCTION
Vietnam has a total of 13,258 mil ha of forests which cover 39.1% of the land surface. A total of 10,339 mil ha are natural forests (VNFOREST 2010), which provide more than 300,000 m3 of large dimension logs annually as supply for all kinds of wood industry in the country (MARD 2005). The greatest part of these natural forests is located in hilly or steep terrain. In the north of the country, steep slopes (. 30%) dominate (MARD 2005). Harvesting is carried out using...