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Web End = Environ Model Assess (2017) 22:2736 DOI 10.1007/s10666-016-9512-8
http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/s10666-016-9512-8&domain=pdf
Web End = The Comparison of Lagrangian and Gaussian Modelsin Predicting of Air Pollution Emission Using Experimental Study, a Case Study: Ammonia Emission
Mohsen Asadi1 & Gholamreza Asadollahfardi1 & Hossayn Fakhraee2 &
Mohsen Mirmohammadi3
Received: 29 June 2015 /Accepted: 27 March 2016 /Published online: 14 April 2016 # Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
Abstract Ammonia, as a colorless gas with a sharp odor, is considered as one of the created odors in the composting and landfill of solid waste. We used experimental data to study the robustness of AERMOD and the forward Lagrangian stochastic (FLS) in predicting ammonia emission in short range. The study area was Kahrizak landfill and composting plants, Tehran, Iran. The boundary layer parameters for the FLS were calculated on the basis of mean values of temperature, wind speed, and direction. While, the boundary layers of AERMOD were computed on the basis of exact meteorological data. The results depicted that AERMOD prediction at distances less than 1000 m from the sources and the locations inside the sources were poor. However, the results of FLS indicated more agreement with the field measurement, which the coefficient of determination was 0.83. Both models predicted, in the distance of 2000 m from the source, the ammonia concentration would be insignificant.
Keywords Ammonia emission . Field measurement . FLS technique . AERMOD model
1 Introduction
The amount of nitrogen, in particular NH3 nitrogen, that enters the biosphere has increased since pre-industrial times [1].
Ammonia (NH3) influences the neutralization of precipitation,
cloud water, and aerosols [2]. The ammonia and ammonium acidify soil, water, and damages forests [3]. Ammonia is considered one of the main odors in the composting and landfill of solid waste. Ammonia concentrations are more measurable than other odorous compounds [4, 5].
Kurbanmuradov et al. (2001) applied the Lagrangian stochastic (LS) model to assess the mean concentration and fluxes in turbulent flows. They reported that the LS model had some advantages, including the flexibility in the structure of the source and measurement of statistical characteristics [6]. Oettl et al. (2001) assessed the agreement of the results of the Gaussian and Lagrangian models in anticipating the NOx concentrations on a road under low wind speed...