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Web End = World J Microbiol Biotechnol (2015) 31:18631875 DOI 10.1007/s11274-015-1950-y
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Web End = Continuing hunt for endophytic actinomycetes as a source of novel biologically active metabolites
Meeta Masand1 Polpass Arul Jose2,3 Ekta Menghani4
Solomon Robinson David Jebakumar2
Received: 17 May 2015 / Accepted: 15 September 2015 / Published online: 26 September 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015
Abstract Drug-resistant pathogens and persistent agro-chemicals mount the detrimental threats against human health and welfare. Exploitation of benecial microorganisms and their metabolic inventions is most promising way to tackle these two problems. Since the successive discoveries of penicillin and streptomycin in 1940s, numerous biologically active metabolites have been discovered from different microorganisms, especially actinomycetes. In recent years, actinomycetes that inhabit unexplored environments have received signicant attention due to their broad diversity and distinctive metabolic potential with medical, agricultural and industrial importance. In this scenario, endophytic actinomycetes that inhabit living tissues of plants are emerging as a potential source of novel bioactive compounds for the discovery of drug leads. Also, endophytic actinomycetes are considered as bio-inoculants to improve crop performance through organic farming practices. Further efforts on exploring the endophytic actinomycetes associated with the plants warrant the likelihood of discovering new taxa and their metabolites with novel chemical structures and biotechnological importance. This mini-review highlights the recent achievements in
isolation of endophytic actinomycetes and an assortment of bioactive compounds.
Keywords Endophytes Actinomycetes Bioactive
compounds Drug discovery
Introduction
Use of antibiotics in medical treatments without dosing awareness and their releases in environment through anthropogenic activities cause natural adaptation and resistance of pathogens which cause deadly infections against human health (Sungthong and Nakaew 2014). On the other side, too much application of chemical fungicides in agricultural practices increase toxic impacts to environments and affect human health (Muri et al. 2009; Bozdogan 2014). Because of these two hindrances, a serious search is being continued to recognize new microorganisms and their metabolic potential for multi-disciplinary use to secure the human health and environment. The large pool of potential microorganisms have already been isolated from diverse natural environments...