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Abstract
The United States Department of State indicates that minors from Central America are carried by sex trafficking networks to Mexico and the United States to be employed in prostitution;however, there is no data regarding the age of onset of these minors in this activity. The objective of this paper was to deter-mine the countries where Central American women smuggled to the United States through Mexico have been prostituted, in order to establish the age at which these women began prostitution activities in each country. One hundred and ninety interviews were carried out with Central American women, procurers and Mexican smugglers participating in human sex trafficking networks in Central America, Mexico and the United States. Results indicate that Central American women transported by human sex trafficking networks initiate prostitution mostly in the United States, around 18 years old on average. In addition, the average age of engagement in prostitution for the first time in the United States is significantly lower than the average age in Mexico. We conclude that the sexual exploitation of minors from Central America in adult entertainment establishments is apparently higher in the United States than in Mexico. This could be associated with a greater economic capacity of US customers, which motivates human traffickers to bring to this market underage girls.
El Departamento de Estado de los Estados Unidos indica que menores de Centroamérica son transportadas por redes de tráfico sexual hasta México y Estados Unidos, para ser em pleadas en la prostitución, pero no hay datos sobre la edad de inicio de las me nor es en esta actividad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue de terminar los países en los que han ejercido la prostitución las jóvenes centroameri canas que son traficadas ha cia Estados Unidos atravesando México, estableciendo la edad en que se inician en la prostitución en ca da país. Se rea lizaron 190 entrevistas a mu jeres de Centroamérica, pro xenetas y “polleros” mexicanos, quienes participan en redes de tráfico entre Centroamérica, México y Estados Unidos. Se encontró que las cen troamericanas transportadas a través de las redes de polleros son iniciadas en la prosti tución mayoritariamente en Estados Unidos, en pro medio sobre los 18 años, y que la media de edad de ejercicio de la prostitución por pri me ra vez en Estados Unidos es significativamente me nor que la media de edad en Méxi co. La explotación sexual de menores centroamericanas en establecimientos de entrete nimiento adulto parece ser mayor en Estados Unidos que en México. Esto podría asociarse con una mayor capa cidad económica de los clien tes estadounidenses, lo que motiva a los traficantes a des tinar a este mercado a las menores de edad que serán prostituidas.
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