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Abstract
Zika virus infection is the first major infectious disease leading to human birth defects in 2015. Zika virus gives rise to babies microcephalic and threatens the health of children and future generations. Although there is no Zika virus infections reported yet in Turkey, the ability to travel to any far countries easily, causes the increasing the risk of Zika virus infection in Turkey. We know that Turkish people travel to outbreak areas from Turkey. This review describes the current understanding of the epidemiology, transmission, clinical characteristics, and diagnosis of Zika virus infection with scanning the recent literature.
Keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome, microcephaly, pregnancy, zika virus
Özet
Zika virüs enfeksiyonu, 2015 yılının anomalili bebek doğumlarının en önde gelen sebebi olmuştur. Zika virüsün bebekleri mikrosefalik kılması çocuk sağlığını ve gelecek nesilleri tehdit etmektedir. Türkiye'de henüz bildirilen Zika virüs enfeksiyonu olmamasına rağmen, ulaşım koşullarının kolaylaşması nedeni ile dünyanın her noktasına seyahat olanağı bulunması bu riski artırmaktadır. Türkiye'den de salgın olan bölgelere seyahatlerin olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı dünyanın geniş bir coğrafyasında salgın olarak görülmekte olan Zika virüs enfeksiyonunun epidemiyolojisi, tanısı, kliniği ve komplikasyonları hakkında son literatürler ışığında bilgi sunmaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Gebelik, Guillain-Barré send romu, mikrosefali, zika virüs
Introduction
The Zika virus infection is a clinical picture caused by the Zika virus, which is an RNA virus of the flaviviridae family. This virus has an envelope, has icosahedral capsid structure, and is a positive polarity single strand RNA virus (1). The Zika virus essentially infects humans and is transmitted by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. In the Zika epidemics in South Africa the main vector was Aedes aegypti, and to a lesser degree Aedes albopictus. In the Yap Island and the French Polynesia epidemics, other sub-species, Aedes hensilli and Aedes polynesiensis were reported to be effective in transmission (2,3).
Background
Zika virus was first isolated in 1947 from the blood of a 766 Rhesus monkey in Zika forest, near Kampala in Uganda (4). A year later, the virus was recovered from the mosquitoes (A. africanus) in the same forest. In that period, it was not known whether the Zika virus could cause a disease in humans. However, later in the sero-prevelance studies in different regions in Uganda, the Zika virus antibodies came out to be positive...