Diagnostic value of progranulin in patients with lupus nephritis and its correlation with disease activity

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Web End = Rheumatol Int (2016) 36:759767

DOI 10.1007/s00296-016-3458-7

BIOMARKERS

Received: 29 November 2015 / Accepted: 2 March 2016 / Published online: 11 March 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016

demonstrate that PGRN may have great potential as a diagnostic factor for active LN and as a predictor for its disease activity.

Keywords Systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus nephritis Progranulin Autoimmune disease

Introduction

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect almost any organ system [1]. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most serious complications of SLE, which is characterized by the production of anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies and immune-mediated glomerular injury. According to epidemiological data, the cumulative incidence rate of LN is relatively higher in Asian, African, and Hispanic populations [2]. In addition, up to 25 % of LN patients develop end-stage renal diseases within 10 years after the initial onset of renal impairment [3]. LN has a relapsing-remitting (active versus stable) pattern, and the frequency of ares varies among individual patients [4]. In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that active LN ares are associated with poor long-term renal outcomes [5]. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of active LN is crucial for the disease prognosis. Currently, standard laboratory markers such as serum creatinine and proteinuria either cannot be used to differentiate active LN patients from the stable disease population due to a lack of sensitivity and specicity necessary for monitoring LN activity or are quite inconvenient for use in daily clinical practice [3]. Hence, it is essential to seek novel and fast diagnostic markers that can sufciently reect the disease activity and effectively distinguish patients with active LN.

Rheumatology

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Diagnostic value of progranulin in patients with lupus nephritis and its correlation with disease activity

Jiabin Wu1 Lixin Wei1 Weiming Wang1 Xianghui Zhang1 Li Chen1 Changda Lin1

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore whether progranulin (PGRN) can be a useful marker not only for accurate diagnosis of patients with active lupus nephritis (LN), but also for prediction of the disease activity in this...