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Web End = Mycopathologia (2015) 180:325332 DOI 10.1007/s11046-015-9921-2
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Web End = Effect of Trans, Trans-Farnesol on Pseudogymnoascus destructans and Several Closely Related Species
Daniel B. Raudabaugh . Andrew N. Miller
Received: 3 February 2015 / Accepted: 30 June 2015 / Published online: 11 July 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015
Abstract Bat white-nose syndrome, caused by the psychrophilic fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has dramatically reduced the populations of many hibernating North American bat species. The search for effective biological control agents targeting P. destructans is of great importance. We report that the sesquiterpene trans, trans-farnesol, which is also a Candida albicans quorum sensing compound, prevented in vitro conidial germination for at least 14 days and inhibited growth of preexisting hyphae of ve P. destructans isolates in ltered potato dextrose broth at 10 C. Depending on the inoculation concentrations, both spore and hyphal inhibition occurred upon exposure to concentrations as low as 1520 lM trans, trans-farnesol. In contrast, most
North American Pseudogymnoascus isolates were more tolerant to the exposure of trans, trans-farnesol. Our results suggest that some Candida isolates may have the potential to inhibit the growth of P. destructans and that the sesquiterpene trans, trans-farnesol has the potential to be utilized as a biological control agent.
Keywords Biological control Candida albicans
quorum sensing compound Sesquiterpene
White-nose syndrome
Introduction
Numerous bat (order Chiroptera) populations in the Northeastern USA and Canada have recently been decimated due to the introduction of Pseudogymnoascus (Geomyces) destructans (Blehert & Gargas) Minnis & D.L. Lindner. Pseudogymnoascus destructans, a psychrophilic fungus, is the etiological agent of bat white-nose syndrome and is thought to originate from Europe [1]. Although there are no present-day large-scale bat mortalities associated with P. destructans infections in Europe [2], current research demonstrated that P. destructans is virulent to European bats under natural conditions [3]. This research also suggests that the difference between the intercontinental bat mortality is not due to the pathogen but due to an unknown interplay between host, agent, and environment [3]. Unfortunately, P. destructans can survive within caves and mines no longer occupied...