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© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

In this study, four different coal fly ashes (CFAs) were used as raw materials of silica and alumina for the preparation of the alumina-containing Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41 (Al-MCM-41) and the exploration of an activation strategy that is efficient and universal for various CFAs. Alkaline hydrothermal and alkaline fusion activations proceeded at different temperatures to determine the best treatment parameters. We controlled the pore structure and surface hydroxyl density of the CFA-derived Al-MCM-41 by changing the crystallization temperature and aging time. The products were characterized by small-angle X-ray diffraction, nitrogen isotherms, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 29Si silica magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, and transmission electron microscopy, and they were then grafted with thiol groups to remove Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. This paper innovatively evaluates the CFA activation strategies using energy consumption analysis and determines the optimal activation methodology and parameters. This paper also unveils the effect of the crystallization condition of Al-MCM-41 on its subsequent Pb(II) removal capacity. The results show that the appropriate selection of crystallization parameters can considerably increase the removal capacity over Pb(II), providing a new path to tackle the ever-increasing concern of aquic heavy-metal pollution.

Details

Title
Efficient Activation of Coal Fly Ash for Silica and Alumina Leaches and the Dependence of Pb(II) Removal Capacity on the Crystallization Conditions of Al-MCM-41
Author
Zhang, Xu 1 ; Du, Tao 2 ; He, Jia 2 

 State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; [email protected] (X.Z.); [email protected] (H.J.); Simulation Center, Shenyang Institute of Engineering, Shenyang 110136, China 
 State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; [email protected] (X.Z.); [email protected] (H.J.) 
First page
6540
Publication year
2021
Publication date
2021
Publisher
MDPI AG
ISSN
16616596
e-ISSN
14220067
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2544985184
Copyright
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.