Electrochemical Oxidation of Glucose Using Mutant Glucose Oxidase from Directed Protein Evolution for Biosensor and Biofuel Cell Applications

Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2011) 165:14481457

DOI 10.1007/s12010-011-9366-0

Eileen Hao Yu & Radivoje Prodanovic & Gray Gven &R. Ostafe & U. Schwaneberg

Received: 2 March 2011 /Accepted: 1 September 2011 /

Published online: 14 September 2011# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011

Abstract In this study, electrochemical characterisation of glucose oxidation has been carried out in solution and using enzyme polymer electrodes prepared by mutant glucose oxidase (B11-GOx) obtained from directed protein evolution and wild-type enzymes. Higher glucose oxidation currents were obtained from B11-GOx both in solution and polymer electrodes compared to wt-GOx. This demonstrates an improved electrocatalytic activity towards electrochemical oxidation of glucose from the mutant enzyme. The enzyme electrode with B11-GOx also showed a faster electron transfer indicating a better electronic interaction with the polymer mediator. These encouraging results have shown a promising application of enzymes developed by directed evolution tailored for the applications of biosensors and biofuel cells.

Keywords Directed protein evolution . Glucose oxidase . Glucose oxidation . Electron transfer . Biofuel cells . Biosensors

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E. H. Yu (*)

School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UKe-mail: [email protected]

R. Prodanovic : G. Gven : R. Ostafe : U. Schwaneberg

School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany

R. Prodanovic : R. Ostafe

Institut fr Molekulare Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany

R. Prodanovic

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

U. Schwaneberg

Lehrstuhl fr Biotechnologie, RWTH Aachen, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany

Electrochemical Oxidation of Glucose Using Mutant Glucose Oxidase from Directed Protein Evolution for Biosensor and Biofuel Cell Applications

Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2011) 165:14481457 1449

Introduction

The increasing aging population requires better healthcare system for monitoring and therapeutical applications. Progress in medical science has led to increasing demands for implantable electronic devices. Enzymatic biofuel cells and biosensors could offer specific advantages for these purposes [3, 8]. However, current developments are limited by enzyme stabilities and activities in complicated physiological environment and reactions. The power output of such biofuel cells and the sensitivity of biosensors...