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Abstract. The paper demonstrates how to improve the dynamic stability of a synchronous generator in combination with on excitation system by utilizing a Proportional Integral Derivate (PID) controller. It presents two methods of determining optimal the piD parameters to improve the power angle and terminal voltage of a synchronous generator: i.e. the Firefly Algorithm (FA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). These methods are used to determine the optimal PID controller parameters required to minimize various performance indices as objective functions. Two objective functions are considered for optimization: the Integral Absolute Error (IAE) and the Integral Error (ISE). The results obtained from conventional PID, FA-PID and PSO-PID, it shows that the FA-PID performed better than the conventional PID and PSO-PID. The result analysis demonstrates that FA-IAE better and more efficient by tune the PID parameters than FA-ISE, PSO-ТАЕ and PSO-ISE.
Keywords: dynamic stability; excitation system; Firefly Algorithm (FA); PID controller; Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO); objective functions
V príspevku smo predstavili izboljšanje dinamične stabilnosti sinhronskega generatorja v kombinaciji z vzbujevalnim sistemom z uporabo krmilnika PID. Uporabili smo algoritem obnašanja kresnic (FA) in optimizacije rojev delcev (PSO) pri določitvi optimalnih parametrov krmilnika PID za izboljšanje kota moči in priključne napetosti sinhronskega generatorja. Z obema algoritmoma smo določili optimalne parametre PID za minimizacijo različnih indeksov zmogljivosti. Za optimizacijo smo uporabili dve kriterijski funkciji. Eksperimentalno smo potrdili, da z algoritmom FA-PID dobimo boljše rezultate kot z algoritmom FA-PSO in konvencionalnim krmilnikom PID.
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1 INTRODUCTION
The study of the dynamic stability of modern power systems is one of the most important challenges. The power system control is to maintain a reliable and quality supply power. The power system is stable when there is a balance between the power demand and the power generated [1, 2]. The constants needed to coordinate the operation between of synchronous generator connected to infinite bus bar and on excitation system were developed by [3] and then by [4].
Power system problems are still solved by utilizing the PID type controller. In optimal PID tuning gains is required, under different operating states, to get the desired level of robust performance. For on optimal PID tuning, a Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO) is used in [5, 6]. In [7, 8] using the Firefly...