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Contents
- Abstract
- The Big Five as an Organizing Framework for Psychological Traits
- Evaluating Claims of Scale Distinctness From the Big Five
- How Do We Decide Whether a Scale Can Be Located Within the Big Five?
- Where Does a Scale Fall Within the Space of the Big Five?
- Summary
- The Current Research
- Study 1
- Method
- Participants
- Material
- Big Five Questionnaires
- Stand-Alone Scales
- Procedure
- Data Analysis
- Estimation Procedures
- Statistical Software and Packages
- Preregistration
- Results
- Reliability
- Fit Statistics
- Measurement Model Parameters
- Average R2 and Category Criteria
- The Proportion of Stand-Alone Scales to Pass Each Criterion
- Where Are the Stand-Alone Scales Located Within the Big Five?
- Summary
- Study 2
- Method
- Participants
- Material
- Big Five Questionnaires
- Stand-Alone Scales
- Procedure
- Data Analysis
- Statistical Software and Packages
- Preregistration
- Results
- Reliability
- Fit Statistics
- Measurement Model Parameters
- Average R2 and Category Criteria
- The Proportion of Stand-Alone Scales to Pass Each Criterion
- Where Are the Stand-Alone Scales Located Within the Big Five?
- Were There Any Common Features of Peripheral Scales?
- Post Hoc Exploratory Analyses
- Correlations With Facets
- Incremental Validity
- Evaluative Bias
- IPIP Factor Models
- Summary
- General Discussion
- RQ1: How Effective Is the Big Five as an Organizing Framework for Stand-Alone Trait Scales?
- How Should the Variance Not Described by the Big Five Be Interpreted?
- RQ2: Where Are the Stand-Alone Scales Located Within the Big Five?
- Interstitial Traits and Their Implications
- Further Considerations
- How Reasonable Was Our Criterion?
- Can We Generalize Beyond Our Selection of Scales?
- Can We Generalize Beyond Our Present Samples?
- The Big Five or the HEXACO?
- Are Many Stand-Alone Scales Big Five Facets?
- Recommendations
- Conclusion
- Appendix A
Figures and Tables
Abstract
The Big Five is often represented as an effective taxonomy of psychological traits, yet little research has empirically examined whether stand-alone assessments of psychological traits can be located within the Big Five framework. Meanwhile, construct proliferation has created difficulty navigating the resulting landscape. In the present research, we developed criteria for assessing whether the Big Five provides a comprehensive organizing framework for psychological trait scales and evaluated this question across three samples (Total N = 1,039). Study 1 revealed that 83% of an author-identified collection of scales (e.g., Self-Esteem, Grit, etc.)...