Exploring the mechanical and bacterial prospects of flexible polyurethane foam with chitosan

Abstract

In this work, chitosan (CT) with different ratios (0–5 wt.%) was utilized as a bio filler in polyurethane flexible (PUF) foam to increase mechanical performance and bacterial inhibition characteristics. The chemical structure of CT and polyurethane flexible foam/ chitosan (PUF/CT) composites was examined using FTIR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the cross-link density of PUF/CT composites was examined using the Flory and Rhener equation. Moreover, the PUF/CT composites’ thermal stability was observed utilizing TGA analysis. Further, the morphology and phase behavior of the PUF/CT composites were investigated using SEM and DSC techniques, respectively. The results showed that the cross-link density, thermal stability, cavities sizes, and the glass transition temperature of soft segments T_g(ss) increased with increased CT wt.% content. Besides, characteristics like apparent density, compressive strength, elongation at break, and tensile strength were tested. The results indicated that the density and compressive strength increased by 128.00% and 305.64% for PUF/CT5%, respectively, compared with unfilled PUF foam. At the same time, the tensile strength and elongation at break enhanced 162.50% and 174.30% for PUF/CT4%, respectively, compared with unfilled PUF foam. Finally, the antibacterial test was carried out for PUF/CT composites using the broth dilution procedure. The results revealed that the bacterial growth was inhibited by increasing CT wt.% content. Thus, the obtained composites are promising for industrial biological applications such as packaging and medical intensive care units.