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J Mater Sci: Mater Electron (2017) 28:29352948 DOI 10.1007/s10854-016-5878-2
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Web End = Fast methylene blue removal by MoO3 nanoparticles
M. Santos-Beltrn1 F. Paraguay-Delgado1 R. Garca2 W. Antnez-Flores1
C. Ornelas-Gutirrez1 A. Santos-Beltrn3
Received: 10 May 2016 / Accepted: 11 October 2016 / Published online: 18 October 2016 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract Hexagonal and orthorhombic phases of MoO3 were synthesized using microwave radiation. The synthesized micrometric particles were ground in a high energy mechanical mill in order to obtain a nanostructured powder to be used for methylene blue (MB) removal. Approximately a 98 % of MB was removed from 20 ppm content in water, without using photon radiation in about 25 min. The evidence of the dye removal process was studied by ultravioletvisible (UVVis), infra-red and Raman spec-troscopies. According to the results, the main mechanism in the MB removal is the adsorption phenomena promoted by the high energy on the nanoparticle surface, which was induced by the milling. The materials morphology and microstructure were characterize by electron microscopy techniques and X-ray diffraction. The surface area and band gap was determine by BrunauerEmmettTeller method and from UVVis spectra, respectively. According to studies by thermogravimetric technique, the adsorbed MB on the material is possible to decompose to be re-utilize it.
1 Introduction
Pollution due to industrial residual water discharge from textile and dye industries affect the ecosystem. Contamination of surface and groundwater with dyes is a serious environmental problem and it is a threat to human being and aquatic life. Additionally, it has been determined that dyes have toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic properties [13]. Methylene blue, has an aromatic structure that makes it difcult to degrade; thus, generates accumulation and turns itself into a pollution source. There are, different physicalchemical methods to remove MB, among which have been used for polluted water are occulation, ozonization, ltration, ionic interchange, irradiation, and carbon activated adsorption [49]. In spite of the compelling results, most of these methods are limited due to their high cost, leading to an incomplete removal of these dyes, which generates carcinogenic and toxic species [10]. The removal of MB with adsorbent materials (or photo catalysts process) represents a new option for the treatment of polluted water due to their low...