Features of the Sports Organizations Functions

Abstract

The first form of physical education is to be found through the exercise practiced by the primitive man. The significant purpose of physical exercises emerged in the primitive village when they were a type of formative and utility characteristic targeting three key concerns: the struggle for survival, obtaining food and defense against enemies. A special role in the history of Greek culture is occupied by the Olympics Games. The games were born from the desire to provide a platform for athletes to stimulate a higher level of performance. The participants in these games were carefully selected by ethnic, social, moral and technical criteria. Over the time sports organizations have formed coherent structures, interdependent and interactive units, sections or departments that operate within a system. Sports Management creates and maintains a coherent decision-making procedures, motivates athletes and contributes to the organization's strategic planning.

Headnote

Abstract

The Evolution of sports organizations expresees information on the origin and evolution of physical education and sport. The first form of physical education is to be found through the exercise practiced by the primitive man. The significant purpose of physical exercices emerged in the primitive village when they were a type of formative and utility characteristic targeting three key concerns: the struggle for survival, obtaining food and defense against enemies.

A special role in the history of Greek culture is occupied by the Olympics Games. The games were born from the desire to provide a platform for athletes to stimulate a higher level of performance. The participants in these games were carefully selected by ethnic, social, moral and technical criteria.

After 293 editions Emperor Teodosium (Emperor of Rome) for religious reasons (because he was a Christian) ordered the dissolution and demolition of the buildings were the Olympics took place.

1894 - Paris, young French baron Pierre de Coubertin, fascinated by archeology proposed the development of a global sporting event to be held in the largest and most important capitals of the world at an internal of four years:

The first modern Olympics were held in Paris in 1900.

In 1911 the Winter Olympics was approved, but due to World War I, was delayed until 1924 in Chamonix (France).

In 1994 the Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway decided that every two years to be Olympic.

Over the time sports organizations have formed coherent structures, interdependent and interactive units, sections or departments that operate within a system.

Sports Management creates and maintains a coherent decision-making procedures, motivates athletes and contributes to the organization's strategic planing.

The organization must be led by competent managers from the early stages of the work, up to the most developed stages. They will project a positive image, the top of an organization that works to benefit the community and is interested in the physical, mental and moral development of the young generation.

Keywords: sports organizations, features of sports organizations, sports organization's functions

JEL Classification: I19

Introduction

Human evolution started when homo sapiens became aware that the use of tools and fire can improve his existence. Abstraction, consciousness, spoken and written language, fire, tools, are primarily responsible for human evolution as we know it.

At the time when man emerges from the animal stages, primitive life was almost identical to that of the animals. In the struggle for survival, basic movements common to both animals and man were walking, running, jumping and climbing. The need to defeat opponents generated battle. Until the emergence of primitive tools, man used his lower and upper limbs, teeth.

Human society has undergone many changes in the prehistoric period, from the common primitive Stone Age and continuing to Neolithic. During this period, social development, spiritual and even artistic, creates a clear enough picture regarding the beginnings of physical activity.

Basic needs, primary needs are the ones that determine a periodical division in society: gatherers and hunters. After this division, primitive society members will share their roles and their responsibilities. Through the discovery of tools, man developed specific physical characteristics, from body position, straightening of the spine, strength in arms through the use slingshots, bow, spear. Practice forms of the exercises can be divided into three systems (figure 1)

2. The emergence of sports organizations in Romania

In the development of sports organizations, we briefly mention chronologically the governing bodies of the sport movement in our country.

In 1867 arises "Central Romanian Society of weapons, gym and putting the sign". It is the first for of organization of sports movement in that period, reported by N. Postolache.

However, the first authentic central organization of leading sports, in Romania, was established in 1912 under the name "Sports Society Foundation Romania" (FSSR), at the head of which was named King Ferdinand and Prince Charles as secretary general. Later on, in 1929 this force becomes "Union of Sports Federations in Romania" (UFSR).

In the year 1944 is established the "Popular sports organization" (PSO), which functioned until 1946 along with UFSR. Since then, the last organization is disestablished.

In 1949 OSP is disestablished and by establishing a new organization "Committee for Physical Culture and Sport" (CCFS). It is followed by the "Union for Physical Culture and Sport" (UFCFS) in 1962, which will be in turn disestablished in 1967 "National Council for Physical Education and Sport" (CNEFS) taking its place.

Since 1989, more precisely on December 30th the Ministry of Sport was established, and since 1990 this ministry takes the name of Ministry of Youth and Sports.

Currently "The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports' (MEDTS) has affiliate organizations specialized bodies of the central public administration research, technological development and innovation, and youth and sports, subordinated MEDTS as National Authority Sports and Youth.

3. Function singularities of sports organizations

3.1 The singularities of research and development function (patents, licenses technologies) applies in sports through research institutes of sports. These centers conduct research in basic, applied and development in sport. Funding for this research is either public or private, to increase or improvement of athletic performance.

Through research, physical biomotorici, kinetic parameters are monitored through training exercices in the gym / field / stadium, or in specific (laboratory). The goal is to increase the capacity and potential of the competitors, increasing thier neuromuscular control and balance capacity.

3.2 Sigularities of the production function (activity-based) in sports organizations, the main goal is to produce performance. Athletic performance is the result of individual or team effort in winning a competition or sporting contest. Performance is expressed in figures, according to the systems and scales of the specific sport or by ranking. They actually represent a measurable index quantitatively by measuring units: meter (and its subdivisions) time (seconds, minutes, hours, etc.) and synchronization reps, score points, artistic execution, difficulty, accuracy in motion, coordination, rhythm, the conditions imposed by regulations and codes of scoring. and setting goals for competitions.

Each branch follows sports athletic performance. In this regard is indicated setting realistic targets, such that neither athletes nor coaches will be disappointed with the final results.

Leisure type activities are aspects of the production function in the following way. Sport in its many different forms, aims to maintain a optimal tone, a strong health and harmonious lifestyle.

The Romanian Sport for All Federation (FRSpT) in Romania, functions as the national sport organization recognized by Ministry of Youth and Sports, it is empowered to coordinate activities in the field of sport for health, education and recreation throughout the country.

Fully recognizing the value that sport has in society - especially in terms of building Romania's international image and providing "models" contemporary heroes - Sports for all philosophy is based on the idea that health, enjoyment of life, social integration of each individual, acquired through sport practiced at any age, if possible, needs and preferences are very important values, with multiple individual benefits and maximum social impact. Unlike other federations, whose main role is to organize and support sports performance FRSPT promotes "sport" as a factor to improve and maintain health and fitness as a mean of social integration of each individual, the exercise practiced at any age.

3.3 Singularities of financial accounting function

3.3.1 Donations: according to art. 985 of the new Civil Code, the donation is a contract by which, with the intent to gratify a part, called the donor, donates a good irrevocably in favor of the other party, called the donee.

Donations are allsow called liberals. Regarding legacies, they are testamentary dispositions which the testator stipulates that at the time of his death, one or more legatees acquire its full heritage, a part of it, or certain specific assets.

3.3.2 Sponsorship: is one of the most important sources of financing in sports organizations specific to this line of organization. Regulation of sponsorship is found in Law no. 32/1994, published in Official monitor no. 129 of 25 May 1994 and since then has undergone no less than eight successive legislative changes.

3.3.3 Fees: A fee is compensation that members of a sports training organizations pay periodically - usually monthly - for the proper functioning.

In associations, trade unions, sports structures, political parties and federations - fee is one of the major sources of income. Some sports organizations such as federations or clubs, the main source of funding is represented by contributions.

Contribution plus the dues that, according to the statutes, new members are required to pay during admission is added. The level of contributions is different depending on the type of sports organization. As a rule, clubs formed in the interest of the community, with an open character and based especially on volunteerism, charge modest fees.

3.3.4 Tax issues: Mainly tax issues on donations, sponsorship and patronage, interests the companies. It is well known that quite often the size and existence of donations, sponsorship, patronage acts are strictly dependent on the tax advantages offered by the legislature to the companies. Therefore, any organization should know and provide tax benefits to promote and obtain donations, sponsorships, acts of patronage.

3.4. Singularities of commercial functions.

In sports organizations, sales and marketing function began to occupy an important place in the functioning of the club. The sales of sporting goods and supplies necessary to conduct sports activities make a significant contribution to the budget of a club. The custom products of sports organizations have an important role both in financial terms and the image, merged with the marketing function. This role is to promote and present the image of the club through the media and interacting with business and industry. The concept of "sports marketing" performs the correlation between sport and sport offered as a product. In this regard athletes, coaches, officials, spectators, listeners, readers, collectors named above sports consumers are involved.

3.5 Singularities of staff functions

Staffing function plays an important role in the organization and operation of a club activity or sports organization. The staff consists of sports organizations both employees (staff) qualified as well as club athletes.

3.5.1 Recruitment - refers to staff and is a procedure used to attract qualified people with specialised studies in sports organization. (coaches school, university, masters degree, PHD)

3.5.2 Selection - is an organized and repeatable activity of specialists within sport organizations and athletes to detect children with special skills for different branch and sports events, taking into account the biological criteria, and socio-psychological drivers of sports branch.

3.5.3 Promotion - aims valuing individual skills, of both athletes and staff.

3.5.4 Refinment- is characterized by the capacity to coordinate with responsibility for training and promotion of athletes and teachers/coaches/instructors, using modern, selection and training units in accordance with standards imposed by the federation profile.

3.5.5 Training - is a cognitive and conscious activity that emphasizes the foundation knowledge and distribution of skills learned and aquired, form the coach/teacher towards the athlete.

3.5.6 Assessment and Motivation - there are many motivating factors among which we enumerate:

* Success desire to win, to become famous. By his human nature, man is competitive, ambitious to overcome his limitations.

* Development of personality, socially, also achieving a higher level of interpersonal communication in order to meet the team spirit.

Conclusion

Organization, administration and management are the driving forces of any sports organizations regardless of the contry. These three elements need to work together for an association, club, league, organizers of sportive events or sports organization to achieve the highest level of efficiency and address the inherent problems.

The sports management organizations develop their coherent structure interdependent and interactive units, sections or departments operating in a system. Everywhere in the world, sports need a good organizational structure, so that athletes, clubs, teams easily participate in events and competitions.

The administration is allocating various resources (material, human, financial) to maintain the proper functioning of the organization and implement strategic actions. Efficient management provides support for practitioners, maintaining a close relation with them, so that the objectives are achieved and targets are met.

Sports Management creates and maintains a coherent decision-making procedure, motivates practitioners, contributes to the organization's strategic plan. This requires good information and a continuously updated database, a specific determination of objectives, a selection of activities, motivating members, employees or volunteers to work together to achieve objectives.

The organization must be led by competent managers from the early stages of the work, up to the most developed stage. They will project a positive image, the top of an organization that works to benefit the community and is interested in the physical, mental and moral development of the young generation.

To instill these values and norms requires effective communication. The message will be simple, clear, concise and accurate. Sports organizations should pay attention to the communication system they adopt.

Ports management organization or sports club must always take decisions especially because they need to use opportunities to their advantage. Top managers make good decisions when haveing access to information at all levels.

This includes:

* channeling information through the management levels, through direct contact with the staff, everyone involved;

* facilitate communication through an effective system;

* maintain managerial capacity to convey clear messages and using methodical approaches to confronting difficult situations, decision making and problem solving.

* enhancing the level of staff motivation and bonuses in a bonus system.

* develop of the environment through creativity and emulation within the organization.

Keeping a group together can be done in a healthy way, when consideration is given to the following elements of the organization:

* reliable managers - this requires an honest feedback, steady and realistic, integrity, respect mutually decisions, respectful attitude;

* mutual respect - no one in the organization should be disadvantaged, all attention must be given;

* teamwork will be supported, because people want to communicate ideas among themselves while working together on various projects.

We conclude that the performance of all activities functions of the organization in efficient conditions, increases sports performance, also without effective management, responsible and realistic objectives of the organization or sports club can not be achieved.

It is impossible for an athlete to progress, as a hobby or performance level, while not having the minimum and decent conditions of work.

To provide athletes conditions, decent at least, if not modern, tailored to their needs and budgets funds are needed to allow a permanent update of the material.

Sports performance and eficiency are closely related to effective management and the competitive organization's management in sports.

References

References

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Toma Urichianu, S., (2014) Istoria Educatiei Fizice si Sportului, Note de curs, Bucuresti

Rusu, F., (2006) Istoria Educatiei Fizice si a Sportului, Bucharest: Politica, pag. 63-65

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