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ABSTRACT
Technology improves exponentially every second and becomes more complex beyond our grasp. Without we realize, everything about ourselves can be found on the internet from mundane things such as our food preferences to private matters such as saving accounts. To manage these information, an artificial intelligence system is required to safeguard, validate and even facilitate our daily tasks. Hypothetically, this issues will lead to the creation of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), a (hypothetical) machine that could successfully perform any intellectual task that a human being can. Without a doubt, AGI will be a central component to our future society. As AGI further improved itself, roaming fully robotic android may be a common sight in future cities. This is a common plot setting in science fiction stories and is commonly discussed from Western perspective. However, this issue is rarely discussed from the Islamic perspective. Will AGI differentiate between fitna and facts (tabayyun)? Is a humanized android considered human (nas)? Does matter of fiqh relevant to a humanized android? Although seems fictional, it is imperative for the Muslim world to initiate discussion on these issues.
Keywords: artificial general intelligence, future, Islam, Muslim, robot
The commonly known Artificial Intelligence (AI) is actually a subset of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). As a matter of fact, the current AI is actually known a "narrow AI", a specific program that is capable of solving problems in a specialized area (Pennachin & Goertzel 2007). However, most of these narrow AIs require input that fit their requirements before they can begin solving problems. AI is responsible for the development of programs that demonstrate intelligence in specific functions such as medical diagnosis and autopilot in cars.
Meanwhile, AGI is a program that can solve a variety of complex problems in various different domains, and is able to control itself autonomously, with its own thoughts, worries, feelings, strengths, weaknesses and predispositions (Pennachin & Goertzel 2007). One alternative description of AGI is the humanised robotic androids that we commonly see in science fictions. As of this writing, a fully functioning AGI is yet to be developed. However, the research on developing and improving computer intelligence is rapidly performed and this contribute to AGI realization (Basheer & Hajmeer 2000; Russell, Dewey & Tegmark 2016).
Researchers...