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Abstract: Laser beam is able to melt metals hence its application in welding processes. It presents an experimental study on laser welding of carbon steel. The welds cross-section are characterized by weld width, weld depth and melt area. Laser power, welding speed and defocusing were varied. Has developed a unified account of the experimental conditions by introducing the interaction energy as a function of varied parameters. Were used the regression functions to present the variations. Showed the existence of logarithmic variation for main sizes characterizing the weld section. We studied the melt zone width at piece surface produced by static irradiation.
Keywords: laser keyhole welding, metal melting, defocusing, interaction energy
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1. INTRODUCTION
Laser welding has many industrial applications. The melting process is carried out using a non-contact method between tool and workpiece. Many parameters are involved in welding process control. From them the major role have the parameters related to the material irradiation. They are average laser power, welding speed and laser spot size on piece surface. This is controlled by the defocusing (distance between focal plane and piece surface). Laser power and spot size determines the intensity of laser beam on the piece surface and welding speed determined during the interaction time. The analysis proposed in this paper uses the ratio of laser beam intensity and welding speed defining a size called interaction energy. This provides a uniform characterization of irradiation conditions.
Laser weld is characterized by features observed in the area melted and resolidificate on the weld cross-section. Main characteristics are weld width, weld depth and weld melt zone area. In interpreting experimental data were used for regression functions. This data processing shows the general changes that can be applied independent of experimental conditions have been carried out in this research.
Is given a general description of the laser capacity to melt the material and thus achieving welds.
More recent studies have been concerned with laser welding of steels [1, 2, 3]. Laser power, welding speed and defocusing are used as parameters in works [4, 5, 6]. For welds made weld width and weld depth were measured and expressed in terms of variations in laser power and welding speed [7, 8, 9].
This paper studies the variation...