Gingival Inflammation in 2 Phases of Menstrual Cycle and its Relation to Oral Hygiene of Female Dentistry Students

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: Hormonal changes in women that occur in the menstrual cycle is one of the systemic factors that causes gingivitis, namely the menstruation gingivitis. Women with this condition will experience the same signs and symptoms as gingivitis in general. This study observed the description of the occurrence of gingivitis as well as its correlation to the level of dental and oral hygiene at female dental students, in which they have knowledge about how to keep dental and oral hygiene properly. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of the occurrence of gingivitis as well as its correlation to the level of oral hygiene in female students of dentistry program. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive analytic study with 318 samples, which were divided into three groups according to the menstrual cycle. Gingivitis examination was performed with the gingival index and oral hygiene examination with Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified. The statistical analysis was carried out for this study using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 17 software. Results: In the premenstrual period group, 94.3% had good oral hygiene and 24.5% had gingivitis. In the menstrual period group, 88.7% had good oral hygiene and 4.7% experienced gingivitis. In the postmenstrual period group, 88.7% had good oral hygiene and 100% of the samples had normal gingiva without inflammation. Conclusion: Menstruation gingivitis occurs higher in the premenstrual period (proliferative phase) although with good oral hygiene conditions.