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INTRODUCTION:
Stain removal is the process of removing a mark or spot left by one substance on a specific surface like fabric. A solvent or detergent is generally used to conduct stain removal & many of these are available over another. Many stains may be removed from clothing and household furnishings, increasing their quality and prolonging their useful life. A stain is a chemical reaction between the staining agent and the fibers and finishes of a fabric. There is no single product or method for removing all stains, because the chemical makeup of each stain and agent is unique1, 2.
Basic principle of stain removal:
1. Absorb it:
The first thing to do is to lift off or soak up as much of the staining substance as possible from the fabric or surface, using absorbents such as talcum powder and paper towels.
2. Dissolve it:
Residue that can't be absorbed needs to be dissolved. However, different substances have Differing solubility in solvents. For example, blackcurrant juice is soluble in water, while the curcumin colouring in turmeric requires an alcohol, such as methylated spirits, for it to dissolve. Therefore it's important to consider which solvent will be most effective on a particular stain.
3. Use a detergent:
Greasy or fatty stains, such as gravy, will not dissolve in water. To...