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Abstract
Indonesia is a country which is still facing serious issues on health insurance. The health cost is still high and its service is not yet well-distributed in this country. Ironically, the state's contribution, as an institution which has the role to support prosperity of its citizens, is still far from ideal.
The country may use its laws and authority to provide the National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional/JKN) for all citizens of Indonesia. One role of a country is to protect the rights and the health needs of its citizens as mandated in the Indonesian Constitution. By analyzing the National Health Insurance system of Indonesia, it may make us realize that in reality, hundreds of million citizens are in need.
In line with the Mandate of the Constitution and the Human Rights Declaration, thus the Constitution Number 36 year 2009 on Health (which will be abbreviated UUK/Undang-Undang Kesehatan) states that every person has the right to receive health services. Because of that, every individual, family, and community have the right to receive protection of their health, and the state has the responsibility to make sure that the citizen's rights for living healthily are achieved, including for the poor and the needy. The National Health Insurance should also give the chance for groups of people under the poverty line to have a dignified standard of life, so that poverty is not inherited from one generation to the next.
Keywords: insurance, health, national, ideal.
1.Background
The establishment of the social insurance, namely the National Health Insurance or JKN for every citizen as mandated in the Constitution Article 28H Paragraph (3) on social insurance and Article 34 Paragraph (2) on the Republic of Indonesia's 1945 Constitution states that, "the State develops a social insurance system for all citizens and it empowers the weak and the poor according to the human dignity" (Muhtaj, 2008, p. 152).
The National Health Insurance of Indonesia is a part of the national social welfare system in this country. The execution of Indonesia's JKN is a social insurance system which is full of issues, such as the cases where patients are rejected, the JKN budget which is much lower than the actual health fees, JKN sanctions and fines, and other problems which...