Infectii orale si pulmonare cu Candida spp. - studiu retrospectiv/Oral and pulmonary Candida infections

Headnote

Abstract

Intoduction: Oral and pulmonary Candida spp. infections are opportunistic infections. The most frequently affected are the immunosuppressed individuals suffering from HIV, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis infection or cancer.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted for a period of one year, in a hospital dedicated to infectious diseases. We selected from the database of the clinical microbiology laboratory positive sputum samples for any species of Candida spp., and then we selected the medical records of patients with positive samples diagnoses.

Results: We identified 135 samples (aspirate and sputum) positive for Candida spp., from 123 patients. Of the total number of patients, 33 (26.8%) were diagnosed with oral candidiasis and 22 (17.9%) were diagnosed with Candida spp. pulmonary infection. Of the oral candidiasis group, 24 (72.7%) were diagnosed with HIV infection, 11 (33.3%) had tuberculosis, 11 (33,3%) had viral hepatitis and 6 (18.2%) had cancer. 11 (50%) had pulmonary candidiasis associated with other bacterial infections. 28 strains of Candida spp. were isolated from pulmonary samples, 13 (46,4%) being Candida albicans and 15 (53.6%) Candida non-albicans.

Conclusions: Diagnosis and monitoring of the Candida spp. pulmonary infections represents an important issue. It helps to distinguish whether to use or not antifungal treatment considering that resistance to antifungals increased in the last decades.

Keywords: pulmonary candidiasis, oral candidiasis, immunocompromised

Rezumat

Introducere: Infectiile orale si pulmonare cu Candida spp. sunt infectii oportuniste, aparând frecvent la pacienti imunocompromisi, cu infectie HIV, tuberculoza (TB), hepatita virala sau cu o forma de cancer.

Materiale si metode: Acest studiu este retrospectiv, realizat pe o durata de un an, într-un spital dedicat bolilor infectioase. Am selectat din baza de date a laboratorului de microbiologie clinica probele de aspirat si sputa pozitive pentru oricare dintre speciile de Candida spp., iar apoi am selectat din foile de observatie diagnosticele pacientilor cu probe pozitive.

Rezultate: Am identificat 135 de probe (aspirate sau spute) pozitive pentru Candida spp., de la 123 de pacienti. Din numarul total de pacienti, diagnosticul de candidoza orala s-a pus la 33 (26,8%) dintre pacienti, iar infectie pulmonara cu Candida spp. aveau 22 (17,9%) dintre pacienti. Din grupul pacientilor cu candidoza orala, 24 (72,7%)...