Elena MOLDOVAN1
Räzvan Sandu ENOIU1
Robert-Alin RUXANDA2
Dr. Adriana LEIBOVICI3
1 University of "Transylvania" Brasov
2 Kinetothe rapist, Brasov
3 St.Vincent Charity Hospital/Saint, Luke's Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
Keywords: human biorhythm, performance sport activity.
Abstract
Knowing the biorhythms has a strong effect on the individual's optimal adaptation to the living conditions and the activities involved, a prerequisite for an active and prolonged life. For athletes, knowing the endogenous biorhythms from the physical, emotional and intellectual point of view is necessary in planning training and sporting shape, to what participating in great competitions is concerned. Thus, the purpose of the paper in question is to know the endogenous aspects of performance athletes, aspects that can influence this activity. The premise of this study is that a thorough knowing of the human biorhythms, as well as their applicability can have certain influences on the sporting performance. The total research includes 28 subjects, while the present study partially illustrates the representative situation of 3 subjects that is 12% of the entire researched group. The subjects are 3 students, performance athletes of 22 years old, with athletic achievements in handball, gymnastics and rugby. The performances that comprise the paper's sample have been gathered not only from the positive phases of the three biorhythmic cycles, but also from the negative ones; nevertheless, the subjects found in the positive stages had a significant advantage than the ones found in the negative periods of the three cycles.
Introduction
Being familiar with the biorhythms helps the individual know the way his physical and psychological abilities quiver in a certain period of time. Knowing his positive and negative phases to what the biorhythms are concerned facilitate a better organization of his activities, with the goal of increasing efficiency and avoiding failures and injuries. Therefore, the formative and productive activities shall unfold based on the accumulated knowledge of the individual's functions in regard to his rhythmic variations.
By getting acquainted to the biorhythms the individual shall effectuate a much more optimal adaptation to the living conditions and the activities involved a prerequisite for an active and prolonged life. The term biorhythm is easy to define being comprised of the two Greek words bios which signifies life and rhythmos which indicates a regulate beat of a certain movement or phenomenon (Budea, C; Calinescu, E., 1992). According to D. Steflea's vision, the notion is associated to the rhythm that lingers on as a fundamental attribute of the biological entities in constant conditions to what the environment is concerned, including the known ones that synchronize the rhythm. Rhythms represent regular events that affect the life of an individual according to certain cycles (Albu, C, 2007). In Marsaudon, Eric's vision, rhythm represents a quintessential element of matter and movement, the entire universe being its subordinate. Thereby, the designation of biorhythm refers to any regular repetition during certain states or movements that take place in a living organism or in any other biological system. I. Dragan highlighted the importance of endogenous biorhythms form the physical, emotional and intellectual point of view, the latter being necessary for planning trainings and sporting shape for great competitions. To performance athletes, the endogenous aspects, in their scientific sporting training, set out as a main goal the individual's closeness to his limits, the latter still being unknown.
Material and methods
The hypothesis of this study states that a thorough knowing of the human biorhythms, as well their applicability can influence the sporting activity and the elaboration of certain training lesson. Moreover, they can also influence the organization of the performance sport activity in order to increase the sporting and intellectual performance and to avoid failures and injuries.
The tasks proposed for effectuating the study were the following:
- Identifying the human organism's physiological biorhythms;
- Determining pulse and respiratory rhythm during repose and physical activity;
- Establishing certain biorhytmograms for the emotional, intellectual and physical cycles.
The entire research includes 28 subjects while the present study partially illustrates the representative situation of 3 subjects that is 12% of the entire researched group. The subjects are 3 students, performance athletes of 22 years old, with great results in handball, gymnastics and rugby.
Lacking any temporal conditioning and accompanying the human being from its initial stages until the end, biorhythm can prove to be efficient in the contemporaneous society, being true catalysts for avoiding accidents, but also for improving performances, and implicitly, human relations. Starting from this premise and following the study's tasks, a first step for the analysis, adaptation and interpretation of data provided by the study, one has registered the data afferent to the biorhythms to what the 3 subjects are concerned, along with their somatic and functional data. The latter have been collected through the experimental observation method which included monitoring the pulse during repose and intense physical effort, determining respiratory rhythm and thoracic circumference while inhaling and exhaling.
The birth of each subject represents the first bench mark in calculating the biorhythm. In accordance with the biorhythm classification proposed by well known scientists, the biorhythms of the present study are included in the area of the circatringian, having duration of 30+/- 5 days. Thus, using this starting point, in handball for example (A.M.) 14.03.1988, we have calculated the number of days that have gone by, until 1.01.2010. The result - 7965 has been divided to the number of representative days for each cycle: 23 days for the physical cycle, 28 days for the emotional cycle and 33 days for the intellectual cycle. Subsequent to this stage, in which we have obtained 346,7, we have noticed that the subject has concluded 346 complete physical cycles, the rest of 7 representing the day of the physical cycle for 1.01.2010. Up to the same date, the emotional cycle registers 284 complete stages while the remaining 13 days for the actual emotional cycle. A smaller number of complete cycles is observed in the intellectual cycle, its value being of 241, with a remaining of 12 days for the moment of the calculus. Using the same procedure for the rest of the 1 1 months, we have obtained the detailed values in the table below.
In the case of the short description present, we can state that the positive value of the physical cycle presented its maximum point in days 24, 25 of January. The emotional cycle presented its maximum point on 26 of January, being in its loading stage, while the intellectual one on 1 of February. Moreover, a state of physical exhaustion was observed in the temporal period 27.01.2010-12.02.2010, responsible for a weaker evolution during the matches from that date. Furthermore one has notices a poisonous influence on the memorizing capacity during 1625 of January, when the subject sustained 2 winter exams, obtaining unsatisfactory results. At the intellectual level, on 16 of January, the subject registered a critical day manifested by the transition from the negative to the positive stage, offering it an emotional sensibility for a period of 8 days. 16 of January can easily be regarded as an alarm signal in direct ratio to the degree of simultaneity in respect to the critical points of the two cycles in question that is the physical and intellectual ones.
In the biorhythm analysis of the next subject (F.P.) we have used its birth, 25.03.1988 until the day of interest 1.01.2010. The number obtained represented the 7990 day of the subject's life. To determine the number of the complete biorhythmic cycles done during this period, we have divided this number to the three periods of 23, 28 and 33 days, thus obtaining for the physical cycle 347 already completed processes and a rest of 9 days remaining. For the second cycle, we have obtained a result of 285 days and of 10 days remaining. Having the smallest value, the intellectual cycle presented 242 completed stages being in the fourth day of the new period 1 .0 1 .201 0.
An aspect that we have located in this biorhythmogram is the crossroad between the emotional and the intellectual cycles, each following different stages. Thus, while the emotional cycle is moving towards a period of charge, the intellectual one follows a phase of discharge, reaching its maximum value on 8.02.2010.
For example, the positive proportion between effort and results to what subject F.P. in concerned, can be explained with the help of the registered positive stage to the intellectual level, that reaches the maximum value on 7-8 of February. Concurrently, one can notice that this subject has encountered problems in the process of information assimilation, on 23.01.2010, when the intellectual biorhythm was in a critical day. The physical biorhythm represents the most important factor relating to performance. In the positive stage that is during 16-21 of January, the athlete finds himself in an intense period of physical activity and energy and is willing to commit himself to a prolonged effort, being ambitious, persévérant and manifesting a strong desire for competition. In the negative or the charge stage, the athlete's organism goes through a recovery period of muscular and nervous cells. A mistake will be thinking of the fact that the athlete is incapable, during this period, to achieve performances, fact otherwise refuted by well trained athletes that have done accumulations in the process of planned training in which the effort's volume and intensity have been correctly dosed, the effort-recovery parts have been strictly executed, the performance factors (physical, technical, tactical and psychological) have been adequately trained. All of these factors have led to the athlete's ability to easily adapt to the diverse solicitations of the internal, external and ulterior environment in achieving performances. To the emotional level, on 2 of February, the subject registers a critical day, manifested by the transition form the positive to the negative stage, offering it an emotional sensibility for a period of 14 days.
The last subject was the rugby athlete (D.G.). In his case, the days spent between the period of 20.02.1988-01.01.2010 have been thousands: 7979. In other words, 7979 days ago, the three biorhythmic cycles have been simultaneously found in their origin point on the time axis. Afterwards, each followed its distinct course. Thus, following the same route of division to each of the periods afferent to the physical, emotional and intellectual cycles, we have determined the number of complete biorhythms: 346, 284 and 241.
This time actually indicating the two stages (positive and negative) for the three cycles, we have carried out biorhytmograms for different temporal moments of the year under way.
Being quite satisfied with the obtained results, D.G. has not registered a favorable situation to the intellectual level during the session, presenting a disadvantage in relation to his colleagues who situated themselves in the positive stage of this cycle. Exactly in the day of his first exam, the intellectual cycle registered a transition from the discharge stage into the charge one, offering the subject his first critical day of the session. Two days later, the physical cycle came back in the positive stage, responsible for generating energy and availability to effort, so necessary in the session period. As one may notice, the maximum value of the positive stage for the physical cycle was reached in 1.02.2010. 6 days afterwards, the subject passed through a critical day characterized by an accentuated instability. Only 5 days after the physical cycle registered a positive value, the emotional cycle started a new stage. Thus, on 3 1.01.2010 the emotional cycle shifted from the negative stage to the positive one. During the 6-7 of the same month, the cycle reached the maximum of this stage. Even though on approximately the entire session, the intellectual cycle was in its negative phase, the other two cycles gave the subject emotional stability, necessary energy, good disposition, shifting more towards a calm and optimistic state of mind. Only at the end of the session, on 10-1 1.02.2010, did the intellectual cycle step towards a discharge condition from the charge one.
In this point, we highlight the importance of the physical biorhythm for a performance athlete that in the first day of February registered a maximum positive value for the physical cycle.
Conclusions
We can state that: the sporting shape outlined by the sensation of biological comfort, a strong motivation, an emotional potential and an inherent value of the latter have been accentuated by the effects of the biorhytmograms' positive stage and reduced by the effects of the negative stage. In the case of decreasing the effects of the positive stage and increasing the effects of the negative one, factors such as hyper motivation, incorrect understatement of oneself or adversaries, inability to maintain concentration, wasting physical and psychological energy, have stepped in. The subjects' performances, that have comprised the paper's sample, have been obtained not only from the positive stages of the three biorhythmic cycles, but also from the negative ones; nevertheless, the subjects found in the positive stage present a significant advantage than the ones located in the negative periods of the three cycles. We cannot compare two athletes within a contest for we shall notice differences in motile ability, and ultimately we shall not have the same performances due to the modification of the physical biorhythm.
To apply the biorhythms to athletes in great competitions one must bear in mind the critical days as well, even the double or triple critical days and the maximum negative effects of the stages the athletes goes through.
Thereby, sporting performance is dependent on numerous factors for which we consider that the application of endogenous biorhythms would help greatly, further clarifying a complex physical training process.
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INFLUENJA BIORITMULUI UAAAN ÎN ACTIVITATEA SPORTIVA DE PERFORMANTÄ
Elena MOLDOVAN1
Räzvan Sandu ENOIU1
Robert-Alin RUXANDA2
Dr. Adriana LEIBOVICI3
1 Universitatea "Transilvania" Brasov
2 Kinetoterapeut, Brasov
3 St.Vincent Charit Hospital/Saint, Luke's Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
Cu vinte cheie: bioritmul uman, activitate sportiva de performanjä.
Rezumat
Cunoasterea bioritmurilor are ca efect benefic o adaptare optima a fiinjei umane la conditile mediului de viaja si de activitate, condire esentala pentru o viaja activa si prelungitä. Pentru sportivi, cunoasterea bioritmurilor endogene, fizic, emocional si intelectual, e necesarä în planificarea antrenamentului si a formei sportive, în vederea marilor competici. Astfel, scopul lucrarii de faja este cunoasterea aspectelor endogene la sportivii de performanja, aspecte care pot influença aceastä activitate. Premiza acestui studiu este ca, o cunoastere aprofundatä a bioritmurilor umane, precum si aplicabilitatea lor pot avea influence asupra performanci sportive. Cercetarea integrala abordeazä 28 de subiecji, prezentul studiu ilustreazä partial, situala reprezentativä a trei subiecji, 12% din întregul grup cercetat. Subiecjii studiului sunt 3 studenti, sportivi de performanci cu vârsta medie de 22 ani, cu performance în handbal, gimnástica si rugby. Performanjele subiecjilor ce au compus esantionul lucrarii, s-au otyinut nu doar în fazele pozitive ale celor trei cicluri bioritmice, ci si în cele negative; subiecjii aflaji în etape pozitive prezintä, tonisi, un avantaj semnificativ faja de cei localiza^ în perioade negative ale celor trei cicluri.
Introducere
Cunoasterea bioritmurilor ìl ajutä pe om sä cunoascä modul cum oscileazä capacitatile sale fizice si psihice într-? anumitä perioadä de timp. Cunoasterea de catre individ a fazelor pozitive si negative ale bioritmurilor faciliteazä o mai bunä organizare a activitäjii în scopul cresterii eficienjei si evitärii esecurilor si accidentelor. Astfel, activitäjile formative si productive se vor desfasura pe baza utilizärii cunostinjelor despre variabile ritmice aie fiincjiilor omului.
Prin cunoasterea bioritmurilor se va realiza o adaptare cât mai optima a finujei umane la conditile mediului de viaja si de activitate, condire esentala pentru o viaja activa si prelungitä. Pentru om, bioritmurile, în general, iar cele circadiene, în special, au o mare importanza pentru cä permit organizarea activitäjilor în concordanza cu reperele social-economice si cu progresul etnie, a carni expresie poate fi constituitä de inventarea becului, automatizare, etc.
Termenul de bioritm este usor de définit, acesta fiind format din cele doua cuvinte grecesti: "bios" care semnificä viaja si "rhythmos" care indica o cadenza regulatä a unei miseäri sau a unui fenomen (Budea,C:, Cälinescu, E., 1992) In viziunea lui D. Çteflea nojiunea este asociatä ritmului care persista ca proprietate fundaméntala a entitäjilor biologice în condici de Constanza ai mediului ìnconjurator, inclusiv a acelora cunoscuji ce sincronizeazä ritmul. Ritmurile constituie evenimente regulate care afecteazä viaja indivizilor, conform unor anumite cicluri ( Albu ,C, 2007). In concepta lui Marsaudon, Éric, ritmul este un element primordial al matériel si al miseärii, întregul univers fiindu-i subordonat. Asadar, denumirea de bioritm se refera la orice repetiré regulatä în decursul timpului a unor stari sau miseäri, care au loe într-un organism viu sau în oricare sistem biologie.
I. Dragan sublinia importanza bioritmurilor endogene, fizic, emocional si intelectual, acestea fiind necesare in planificarea antrenamentului ci a formei sportive, în vederea marilor competici. La rândul lor, aspectele endogene la sportivii de performanjä, prin stiinfa antrenamentului sportiv, îsi propun ca prim scop apropierea fiinjei umane cât mai mult de limitele sale, acestea fiind înca necunoscute
Ipoteza acestui studiu porneste de la presupunerea cä o cunoastere aprofundatä a bioritmurilor umane, precum si aplicabilitatea lor pot influenza activitatea sportiva cât si elaborarea unor lecjii de antrenament precum si organizarea activitäji sportive de performanci în scopul cresterii performanci sportive.
Sarcinile propuse pentru realizarea studiului au fost urmätoarele :
- Identificarea bioritmurilor fiziologice ale organismului uman.
- Determinarea pulsului, ritmului respirator în condici de repaus si activitate fizicä.
- întocmirea unor bioritmograme ale ciclurilor emocional, intelectual si fizic.
Cercetarea integrala abordeazä 28 de subiecji, prezentul studiu ilustreazä partial situala, reprezentativä a trei subiecji, 12% din întregul grup cercetat. Subiecjii studiului sunt 3 studenti, sportivi de performanci eu vârste cuprinse între 21-24 ani, cu performance în handbal, gimnástica si rugby.
Lipsite de orice condizionare temporalä si ìnsojind fiinja umana din fazele sale incipiente si pana la finalul viejii, bioritmurile îsi pot dovedi eficienja în societatea contemporanä, constituind adevarate catalizatoare pentru evitarea accidentelor, dar si pentru ìmbunatajirea performanjelor §i, implicit, a relajiilor interumane. Pornind de la aceastä premisa si urmärind ìndeplinirea sarcinilor studiului, un prim pas pentru analiza, prelucrarea si intefretarea datelor studiului, au fost consemnarea datelor aferente bioritmurilor pentru fiecare din cei 3 subiecji, aläturi de datele lor, somato-funcjionale. Acestea au fost coléctate prin intermediul metodei observajiei experiméntale, - care a inclus monitorizarea pulsului în stare de repaus si de efort fizic intens, determinarea ritmului respirator, dar si a circumferinjei toracice în timpul inspirajiei si al expirajiei.
Data fiecärui subiect de nasiere, constituie un prim punct de reper în calculul bioritmului. In acord cu clasificarea bioritmurilor propusä de teoreticieni reputaci din domeniu, bioritmurile prezentului studiu, se înscriu în aria celor circatrigintane, având o durata cuprinsä între 30±5 zile. Astfel, folosind drept punct de plecare data nasterii a sportivului de performanjä în handbal (A.M.) 14.03.1988, am calculât numärul zilelor scurse pana la data de 1.01.2010. Rezultatul astfel otyinut - 7965 a fost divizat la numärul zilelor reprezentative pentru fiecare ciclu: 23 de zile pentru ciclul fizic, 28 de zile pentru cel emotional si 33 de zile pentru ciclul intelectual. Ulterior acestei etape, în care am objinut rezultatul 346,7, am observât cä subiectul a încheiat 346 de cicluri fizice complete, restul de 7 reprezentând ziua ciclului fizic pentru data de 1.01.2010. Pana la aceeasi data, ciclul emotional înregistreaza 284 de etape complete încheiate si restul de 13 zile pentru ciclul emocional actual. Un numär ceva mai mie de cicluri complete încheiate se observa în cazul ciclului intelectual, valoarea acestuia fiind de 241, eu un rest de 12 zile ce indica ciclul pentru momentul calculului. Utilizând aceeasi procedura pentru restul de 1 1 luni, am objinut vaiolile detállate în tabelul de mai jos reprezentate în bioritmogramä.
In cazul descrierii pe scurt a bioritmogramei, putem preciza valoarea pozitivä a ciclului fizic care a prezentat punctul maxim în zilele de 24, 25 ianuarie. Celelalte cicluri, emotional a prezentat punctul maxim în data de 26 ianuarie, ciclul emotional a fost în faza de încarcare iar eel intelectual, a prezentat punctul maxim în data de 1 februarie.
De asemenea, s-a înregistrat o stare de obosealä fizicä în intervalul temporal 27.01-12.02.2010, responsabilä de o evolute mai slabä în timpul desfasurärii meciurilor care au avut loc în aceastä perioadä. Se observa de asemenea o influenza nefasta asupra capacitaci de memorare în perioada 16-25 ianuarie, perioada în care subiectul a avut de susjinut 2 examene în sesiunea de iarnä, objinând rezultate nesatisfaeätoare. La nivel intelectual, în data de 16 ianuarie, subiectul înregistreaza o zi critica, manifestata prin tranzara din faza negativa în faza pozitivä, conferindu-i si o sensibilitate emozionala pentru o perioada de 8 zile. Ziua de 16 ianuarie poate fi tratata drept un semnal de alarma direct proportional cu gradui de concomiten^ al punctelor critice ale celor douä cicluri: fizic si intelectual.
În analiza bioritmului urmätorului subiect (F.P.) am utilizai data de nasiere a acestuia 25.03.1988 pana la ziua de interés - 1.01.2010. în urmätoarea etapa s-a efectuat calculul numärului de zile scurse de la data nasterii pana la prima zi a anului 2010. Numärul astfel rezultat a reprezentat cea de-a 7990 zi traita. Pentru a determina numärul de cicluri bioritmice complet desfasurate în acest interval de timp, am impartit acest numär la cele trei perioade de 23, 28 si 33 de zile, obtinând pentru ciclul fizic 347 de procese deja încheiate si un rest de 9 zile. Pentru cel de-al doilea ciclu în urma calculului am objinut un rezultat de 285 si, totodatä, un rest de 10 zile. Având o valoare ceva mai mica, ciclul intelectual prezintä 242 de etape complete si aflându-se în ziua a patra la data de 1 .01 .2010.
Un aspect pe care 1-am repérât în aceastä bioritmograma este intersecala dintre ciclul emozionai si cel intelectual, flecare urmând faze diferite. Astfel, în vreme ce ciclul emocional se îndreapta catre o perioadä de încârcare, cel intelectual urmeazä cursul unei etape de deseärcare, atingându-si valoarea maxima pe 8.02.2010.
De exemplu, raportul pozitiv dintre efort si rezultate în rândul subiectului F.P. poate fi explicate cu ajutorul fazei pozitive ìnregistrate la nivelul ritmului intelectual, care atinge valoarea maxima pe datele 7-8 ale lunii februarie. Totodatä, se poate observa cä acest subiect s-a confruntat cu problème în procesul de asimilare al informajiilor pe 23.01.2010, când bioritmul intelectual se afla ìntr-o zi critica. Bioritmul fizic reprezintä factorul cel mai important în raport cu performanja. In faza pozitivä, adicä în zilele de 16- 21 ianuarie, sportivul se afla ìntr-o perioadä intensa de activitate fizicä, de energie, a fost dispus sä se supunä la efort ìndelungat, era curajos, rezistent, persévèrent si a manifestât o mare dorinjä de întrecere. In faza negativa sau de încârcare, în organismul sportivului are loc refacerea celulelor musculare si a celor nervoase. O gresealä ar fi sä ne gândim la faptul cä sportivul nu este capabil în aceastä perioadä sä obtinä performance, fapt dezminjit de sportivii bine antrenaji, care au facut acumuläri în cursul procesului de antrenament bine pregätit si pianificai, în care volumul si intensitatea efortului au fost corect dozate, parlile de efort-refacere au fost executate cu stricteje, factorii performanjei (fizic, tehnic, tactic si psihic) au fost antrenaji corespunzätor, toji acesti factori ducând la capacitatea sportivilor sä se adapteze cu multa usurinjä la diversele solicitan ale mediului intern, extern si ulterior la otyinerea performanjelor. La nivel emocional, în data de 2 februarie, subiectul ìnregistreaza o zi critica, manifestata prin tranzijia din faza pozitivä în faza negativa, conferindu-i sensibilitate emozionala pentru o perioada de 14 zile.
Ultimili subiect a fost sportivul de performanci în rugby (D.G.), în cazul acestuia zilele scurse ìn intervalul temporal 20.02. 1988 -01 .01 .2010 fiind de ordinul miilor: 7979. Cu alte cuvinte, în urmä cu 7979 de zile ìn urmä, cele trei cicluri bioritmice de care voi vorbi ulterior s-au gäsit simultan în punctul lor de origine comuna pe axa timpului, dupä care flecare si-a urmat cursul distinct. Astfel, urmând acelasi traseu de divizare la fiecare dintre perioadele aferente ciclurilor fízic, emocional si intelectual, am déterminât numäml bioritmurilor complet încheiate: 346, 284 si 241.
Indicând, de data aceasta, concret cele douä faze (pozitivä si negativa) pentru cele trei cicluri, am realizat bioritmograme pentru diferite momente temporale aie anului în curs.
Declarându-se muhaimit de rezultatele bune otyinute, D.G. nu a înregistrat o situatie favorabilä la nivelul ciclului intelectual în perioada sesiunii, având un dezavantaj în faja colegilor sai situaci în faza pozitivä a acestui ciclu. Chiar în ziua susfinerii primului säu examen, ciclul intelectual a înregistrat o tranzijie din faza de descärcare în cea de încârcare, oferindu-i subiectului prima zi critica din sesiune. Douä zile mai târziu, ciclul fízic revine în faza pozitivä responsabil de generarea energie si disponibilitatea pentru efort, atât de necesarä în perioada sesiunii. Valoarea maxima a fazei pozitive pentru ciclul fizic a fost atinsä pe 1.02.2010, urmând ca sase zile dupä subiectul sä treacä printr-o zi critica caracterizatä printr-o instabilitate accentuata. La numai cinci zile dupä ce ciclul fizic a înregistrat o valoare pozitivä, a venit rândul ciclului emotional sä înceapa o nouä etapä. Asadar, pe data de 31.01.2010 ciclul emocional a trecut de la faza negativa la cea pozitivä, urmând ca în perioada temporalä 6-7 a aceleiasi limi, ciclul sä atingä maxima acestei faze. Chiar dacä pe aproximativ toatä perioada sesiunii, ciclul intelectual s-a aflat în faza negativa, celelalte douä cicluri i-au dat subiectului, stabuliate emozionala, energia necesarä, o stare de bunä dispozijie, fiind îndreptat spre calm si optimism. Abia spre sfarsitul sesiunii, - mai exact pe data de 10-1 1.02.2010 - ciclul intelectual a trecut din faza de încârcare spre cea de descärcare.
In acest punct, Jin sä semnalez raportandu-mä la bioritmograma de mai sus importanza bioritmului fizic pentru un sportiv de performanjä care ìn prima zi din luna februarie a ìnregistrat o valoare pozitivä maxima pentru ciclul fizic.
Concluzii
Putem afirma cä: forma sportiva evidenziata prin senzajia de confort biologie, o motivate puternicä, un potencial emocional si o valoare intrinseca a acestora au fost accentuate de efectele fazei pozitive aie bioritmogramelor si reduse de efectele fazelor negative. în cazul diminuarii efectelor fazei pozitive si cresterea efectelor fazei negative au intervenit factori precum, hipermotivarea, subestimarea incorectä a propriei persoane sau a adversarilor, incapacitatea menjinerii capacitagli de concentrare, irosirea energiei fizice si psihice. Performanjele subiec^ilor ce au compus esantionul lucrärii, s-au objinut nu doar în fazele pozitive aie celor trei cicluri bioritmice, ci si în cele negative; subiecjii aflaji în etape pozitive prezintä, tonisi, un avantaj semnificativ faja de cei localizaji ìn perioade negative ale celor trei cicluri. Nu putem compara doi sportivi ìn cadmi unui concurs deoarece vom constata diferente de capacitate motricä, ulterior nu vom avea aceleasi performance datoritä modificarii bioritmului fizic.
Pentru a putea aplica bioritmurile la sportivi in marile competigli trebuie sä Jinem cont si de zilele critice, dublu critice, triplu critice si de efectele maxime negative ale fazelor prin care trece sportivul.
Asadar performanja sportiva este dependentä de o multitudine de factori pentru care consideräm cä aplicarea bioritmurilor endogene la sportivi ar fi de mare folos, clarificând mai mult un procès de pregätire fizicä complex.
Bibliografìe
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Copyright "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacau 2011
Abstract
Knowing the biorhythms has a strong effect on the individual's optimal adaptation to the living conditions and the activities involved, a prerequisite for an active and prolonged life. For athletes, knowing the endogenous biorhythms from the physical, emotional and intellectual point of view is necessary in planning training and sporting shape, to what participating in great competitions is concerned. Thus, the purpose of the paper in question is to know the endogenous aspects of performance athletes, aspects that can influence this activity. The premise of this study is that a thorough knowing of the human biorhythms, as well as their applicability can have certain influences on the sporting performance. The total research includes 28 subjects, while the present study partially illustrates the representative situation of 3 subjects that is 12% of the entire researched group. The subjects are 3 students, performance athletes of 22 years old, with athletic achievements in handball, gymnastics and rugby. The performances that comprise the paper's sample have been gathered not only from the positive phases of the three biorhythmic cycles, but also from the negative ones; nevertheless, the subjects found in the positive stages had a significant advantage than the ones found in the negative periods of the three cycles. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
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