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Abstract
[...]another African President admits that there have always been gay people in Africa and that such people were not systematically persecuted.11 Second, African governments reject anti-homophobia campaigns as the imposition of the wills of former colonial masters.12 However, there is evidence that prohomophobia campaigns have been supported by actors from developed countries-for example, public debate on the Ugandan anti-gay bill revealed moral and other support from US elements.13 As late as 2004, the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) supported anti-gay operations working under the guise of faith-based organisations providing abstinence-only programming.14,15 Africa has become a battleground for developed countries' socalled cultural wars, and it is ironic that discrimination that would be illegal in a developed country should be promoted elsewhere.