Konsep Pelantikan Pemimpin Dari Sudut Perspektif Fiqh Siyasah: Analisis Terhadap Teori-Teori Pemikiran Politik Islam

Abstract

Since the death of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), the question of Islamic Governance has become a hot debate among Islamic scholars, among others the appointment of leaders. Hence, the Islamic history has proven that there are various concepts of leadership appointments that make it possible to pinpoint the best one, especially for today’s state of affairs. The objective of this study was to explain the position of the theories of Islamic scholars on the appointment of leaders from the perspective of Fiqh Siyasah. This study was qualitative because it involved library researches on political books and Islamic history. The findings showed that there were seven forms of leadership appointments in the context of Fiqh Siyasah, based on three theories of Islamic thought. The first was Islamic thought in the 7th to 13th AD, second was Islamic thought in the 14th and 18th centuries of Islam and the third was Islamic thought of the 19th century until present day. In conclusion, these theories showed that the appointment of leaders was a matter of ijtihad. As compared to the today’s concept of the appointment of leaders, it is not contrary to Islamic values according to Fiqh Siyasah.