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Cancer Causes Control (2008) 19:841858
DOI 10.1007/s10552-008-9147-4
ORIGINAL PAPER
Lymphoma survival patterns by WHO subtype in the United States, 19732003
Xuesong Han Briseis Kilfoy Tongzhang Zheng Theodore R. Holford Cairong Zhu Yong Zhu Yawei Zhang
Received: 5 September 2007 / Accepted: 4 March 2008 / Published online: 26 March 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008
Abstract With the incidence and prevalence of lymphoid neoplasms increasing, a comparison of survival patterns by subtype may provide critical clues for improving the disease burden. We conducted a comprehensive survival analysis for 254,702 lymphoid neoplasm cases diagnosed during 19732003 at 17 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registries according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classication introduced in 2001. The best survival was observed for Hodgkin lymphoma among young patients, and the worst survival was observed among cases with plasma cell neoplasms, particularly plasma cell leukemia, in all racial groups. Being diagnosed at a lower stage without B-symptoms and a nonHIV/AIDS status favored survival for each type of lymphoma. Males typically had lower survival rates than females, but the opposite was observed for Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia among non-whites and multiple myeloma among non-Hispanic whites. Non-Hispanic whites typically had higher survival rates than blacks with the exception of multiple myeloma. Survival rates decline with age at diagnosis among elders, while the patterns were diverse by subtype among younger cases. The differences in lymphoma survival patterns suggest that distinct prognostic risk factors impact survival by subtype and that
future research and public health interventions should address racial disparities in lymphoma survivorship.
Keywords SEER WHO classication
Lymphoid neoplasms Survival
Introduction
Lymphoid neoplasms represent a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), multiple myeloma, and acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia [1]. It is estimated that there will be approximately 111,820 incident lymphoid neoplasm cases and 36,440 lymphoma deaths in the United States in 2007 [2]. Although considerable efforts have been made, relatively little is known about the etiology of lymphoma. Studies have shown diverse patterns in incidence rates of lymphoma by histologic subtype [1, 35]. The recently published SEER Survival Monographs for U.S. adult cancers diagnosed in 19882003 have displayed that the survival patterns of the two major entities of lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), varies by...