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ABSTRACT:
Nanotechnology is rapidly developing subdivision of technology that affect on many fields. Medicines are also affected from nanotechnology. Since, in cancer treatment nanotechnologically modified method can be used. One of the developing usage fields of nanotechnology is cancer treatment. Nanotechnology can assist to have better diagnosis with less harmful substance as optical nanoparticles, to provide efficient drug delivery tumor cell with liposomes and functionalized micelles. Nanotechnology can be also used in molecular imaging with tomography and radiotherapy. Finally, nanotechnology is still developing science can be defined as next generation techniques for cancer disease; at the same time it comes with many advantages to treat cancer patients. Nanomedicine, the application of nanotechnology to medicine, enabled the development of nanoparticle therapeutic carriers. These drug carriers are passively targeted to tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention effect, so they are ideally suited for the delivery of chemotherapeutics in cancer treatment. Indeed, advances in nanomedicine have rapidly translated into clinical practice.
KEYWORDS: Nanoparticle, Cancer, Nanomedicine.
INTRODUCTION:
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell multiplication which can occur in any living tissue in any site in the human body (1). Since many of these alterations might never have been observed before and might not necessarily reside in coding regions of the genome, whole-genome sequencing is increasingly seen as the only rigorous approach that can find all the variants in a cancer genome (2). Among all these alterations are a select few that drive the progression of the disease (3).
Cancer results from a series of molecular events that fundamentallyalter the normal properties of cells. In cancer cells the normal controlsystems that prevent cell overgrowth and the invasion of other tissues are disabled (4).
These altered cells divide and grow in the presence ofsignals that normally inhibit cell growth; therefore, they no longer require special signals to induce cell growth and division (5).
The availability of the database of full sequences of approximately 3 billion base pairs and approximately 30,000 genes in human DNA will lead to a better understanding of physiological and pathophysiological changes in human body (6). A third type of gene associated with cancer is the group involved in DNA repair and maintenance of chromosome structure (7). is that billions of independent...